How to fertilize the currant in spring for a better harvest?

People knew the curative properties of currants withancient times. When a person depended solely on the gifts and mercies of nature, to survive the winter and not get sick helped him with infusions and broths of medicinal herbs. The currant and its beneficial properties are mentioned in Izbornik Svyatoslav (Grand Duke of Kiev) in 1073 and 1076 years.

Varieties of currant

Today, every summer resident tries to plant currant bushes on his plot to have a "pantry" of vitamins at hand.

This unpretentious plant, but if you want to always receive a high yield of berries, you should ask in advance what to fertilize the currant in the spring for a better harvest.

There are more than 200 varieties of this shrub, each of which differs not only in taste, but also in the composition of nutrients, maturity and resistance to weather conditions.

Depending on the region, experienced gardeners plant2-3 varieties of currants of different maturity, to enjoy berries all summer. The only thing that cares them is how to fertilize the currant in the spring, because the soil composition is the first requirement for obtaining a high yield.

For the drylands, varieties resistant to drought will suit, and in regions with short and cool summers - frost-resistant species.

Spetspodkormka

There are varieties specially grown forgrowth in a cold climate. They have an increased yield, they have small berries that are easy to harvest, as they ripen in clusters. These are frost resistant varieties that tolerate temperature changes well, but to make their fruits larger, you should know what to fertilize the currant in the spring.

The best top dressing for varieties with small fruitswill become infusion of potato peels, since starch affects the increase in berries in size. This is an old folk method, in which a liter pot of dried potato peel should be poured with 10 liters of boiling water, covered, wrapped and insisted until completely cooled. This infusion of experienced gardeners recommend watering shrubs with small berries in the spring during flowering. It should be borne in mind that one bush is 3 liters of infusion.

Mid-late varieties are good not only for their unpretentiousness and endurance, but also for the fact that their fruits contain the highest content of ascorbic acid.
Making fertilizing to increase the size of berries, you should think about what to fertilize the currant in the spring to develop its root system.

Top dressing with phosphorus and potash fertilizers

For all its unpretentiousness, it is to the quality of the soil that the currant makes claims. The poorer it is, the more the gardener will have to feed her.

Ogorodniki with experience say that there is nothingbetter than fertilizing black currant in spring with phosphate-potassium fertilizers. It is enough to dilute 10 grams of potassium sulfate and 40 grams of superphosphate per bush.

Since the root system of the currant leaves indepth of only 40-60 cm, then you can make a furrow on each side of each bush and pour in them diluted fertilizers. Phosphorus affects the size of the fruit, and potassium affects their sweetness. If these substances are not enough in the soil, the bushes "talk" about this by the appearance of a yellow border on the leaves.

Organics for currants

When the soil is depleted, a good "feeding" forit is considered organic fertilizers. In this case, it should be after a year to make 5-6 kg of organic per 1 m2. For well-cultivated land, it is sufficient to add 4-5 kg ​​/ m2 every two years.

Experienced gardeners know how and what to fertilize bushescurrant in spring, so as not to damage the root system, but to strengthen it. Fresh manure can "burn" them, so a well-flaked humus or liquid top dressing is used, which is desirable to be produced 4 times a year. This will allow the plant to receive all the necessary substances from the soil and give abundant harvests of large berries.

Liquid top dressing

Before fertilizing the currant in the spring with liquid top dressing, it is necessary to divide its vegetative period into 4 cycles:

• The first fertilizing is performed during the bud buds swelling, when the bushes wake up after the winter and go to growth.

• The second time "feeding" is carried out immediately after flowering, since this is the most critical period in the bush. Ovaries appear, their growth increases and additional nutrition is required.

• The third feeding applies directly to the period of filling berries. The best variant of liquid fertilizers at this stage is phosphorus and potassium, as this bush needs most.

• The last period for fertilization is after harvestingfruits, which is the key to a good future harvest. The only thing to be avoided during this period is nitrogen fertilizers. They delay the ripening of flowering buds.

If you comply with the rule of four-time top dressing, you can not puzzle over what to fertilize the currant in the spring for a better harvest.

Breeding of liquid top dressing

A good option for obtaining liquid organic fertilizer is the infusion of bird droppings at a rate of 1:10 and Mullein (1 kg / 4 liters of water).

Experienced gardener say that there is no better option than to fertilize the currant in the spring with "green" fertilizers. To prepare it you will need:

• Large capacity, filled with just over half of any fresh grass - whitetail, nettle, chamomile, dandelions - everything that ruthlessly breaks out on the site, like a weed.

• Without compacting the grass, pour the container to the top with water, loosely cover with a lid and leave in a warm place for fermentation.

• Sometimes stirring, wait until the infusion brightens and fermentation stops. Usually it takes 10-12 days.

• Dilute the resulting "green" fertilizer in a ratio of 1 liter of infusion to 10 liters of water and pour directly under the root of the currant.

Experienced summer residents throw for a better "maturing" in a container with grass stale bread or an old jam. This enhances the fermentation process.

Soil fertilization before planting the currant

In order not to think about what to fertilize in spring, currants and gooseberries, especially young bushes, it is better to prepare the soil properly before planting them.

If an autumn planting is carried out, thenPlanting pits in the ground should be done 2-3 weeks before it. Their depth should be 40 cm, and width 50-60 cm. The lower layer of soil from the pit should be mixed with organic fertilizers and put on 3/4 back in the holes. For fertilizers, peat or compost, superphosphate (150 g), potassium sulphate (40-50 g) and wood ash (40 g) are used.

When the soil slightly settles, you can proceedplanting of fruit bushes. It is important to remember that immediately after the picking, the bushes should be carefully poured, and the above-ground part cut off in the autumn to 18 cm, and in the spring to 3-4 lower buds.

If the landing is carried out after the winter "hibernation" of the earth, you should know what to fertilize the currant in the spring immediately after the pick.

To do this, you can use organic andcomplex mineral substances, and if the soil is acidified, then it is obligatory to use lime at the rate of 300-800 g per 1 m2. It is better to apply it even at the stage of digging up the garden, and put fertilizers directly into the planting pits.

Additional care for the currant

Even when the summer resident knows what to fertilize the currant bushes in the spring, this alone is not enough for a high yield. Requires additional actions that will help plants successfully bear fruit from 10 to 15 years.

• It is important to properly plant the currant on the site. It is better, if it will be several bushes at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from each other.

• The distance from the fence should also be taken into account. Many gardeners plant currants to it end-to-end, trying to save time, but this will reduce the yield several times. Currant loves space and light.

• Carry out preventive inspections of bushes,removing the infected leaves and cutting off weak shoots. Also, experts recommend that after the soil has drifted off, a hot "shower" must be carried out in the currant. For this, boiling water is poured into a watering can with a strainer and sprayed onto the plants from above.

Knowing what to fertilize the currant in the spring, and conducting a preventive examination, you can get a big harvest of this berry every year.