Vitamins are organic substances that are necessary for life
Vitamins are organic substances that (inthe majority) are not synthesized in the human body (or produced in small quantities), so they are indispensable in the diet. There are 20 vitamins known to affect human health. The amount of consumption depends on the sex, age and level of physical activity of a person.
Vitamins are organic substances necessary for human health. Their shortage leads to serious consequences.
Absence of any vitamin in food can cause various diseases.
Vitamins are organic substances that affect life activity, participate in the synthesis of hormones, metabolism, promote the normal functioning of the body.
Virtually all vitamins are well studied, their role in the vital activity of a living organism is determined.
Vitamins of 2 kinds
Vitamins are organic substances necessary for the formation of enzymes. Therefore, the high activity of enzymes depends on the amount of vitamins that have entered the body.
Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed only with fat. Consumption of vitamin A, for example, is better combined with the intake of sour cream or butter.
Water-soluble vitamins do not need fats.
Fat-soluble
Vitamins are organic substances thatshould be considered in the complex. By itself, a vitamin can not bring the necessary benefits, but together with another element will help to avoid disruption in the functioning of the body.
Vitamin A
The main sources of this vitamin are meat, liver, green and red flowers, orange and yellow fruits.
All that we eat, gets into the liver, including vitamin A, so its surplus is undesirable.
Vitamin D
Participates in the processes of assimilation of calcium and phosphorus, reduces the excretion of these minerals from the body and ensures the optimal rate of their arrival to the bones.
Deficiency of vitamin D causes osteoporosis.
Main sources: liver, eggs, fish oil.
Excess leads to calcium deposits in the vessels.
Vitamin E
Vitamins are organic substances that are notonly participate in the metabolism, but also prevent the destruction of living cells. Vitamin E is such a vitamin. It is an antioxidant that binds free radicals to oxygen, prevents the destruction of proteins, fatty and nucleic acids.
The main sources: vegetables, grains, oil.
Excess of the vitamin causes neurological disorders.
Vitamin K
Participates in blood clotting.
The main source: an independent synthesis in the intestine. Additionally come with food (meat, cereals, vegetables).
Lack of vitamin increases the clotting time of the blood.
Water-soluble vitamins
There are many more. Let us consider this group in more detail.
Vitamin C
It activates the metabolic processes, the protective functions of the cells of the body.
Main sources: citrus fruits, tomatoes, fruits, vegetables.
Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy, skin damage.
Vitamin B1
Participates in oxidative processes, synthesis of various enzymes.
The main sources: liver, pork, beans, cereals.
Deficiency leads to beriberi disease.
Vitamin B2
Its main function is to participate in the energy exchange.
The source of the vitamin can be a variety of foods. But their prolonged exposure to the sun or prolonged heat treatment leads to its destruction.
Deficiency causes a violation of the integrity of the skin, a violation of twilight and light vision.
Vitamin B5
Participates in the metabolism. Vitamin B5 is found in many foods. Deficiency can be associated with prolonged starvation and leads to numbness of limbs, rapid fatigue, insomnia, headaches.
Vitamin B6
Participates in a large number of processes in the body, including immune restoration of the body, carbohydrate metabolism.
The main sources: vegetables, meat, cereals.
With a deficiency of vitamin B6, appetite decreases, anemia develops.
Vitamin B9
Participates in blood formation, protein metabolism, formation of leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, lowers cholesterol.
Deficiency causes anemia.
Vitamin B12
It participates in blood formation, amino acid metabolism, and the work of the nervous system.
Contained in eggs, meat, dairy products.
Deficiency causes anemia, nervous disorders.
Vitamin PP
Participates in blood formation, activity of the nervous system, digestion of food.
Excess vitamin reduces blood pressure.
Participates in strengthening the walls of blood vessels, helps improve the resistance of the body to infections. Contained in citrus fruits, walnuts, green tea, berries.
Vitamin H
Participates in metabolic processes.
Contained in meat, vegetables, eggs.
Deficiency causes skin diseases.
Excess and shortage
Vitamins are organic substances that are notcan be replaced by nothing in the body. Most of them enter the body with food. Depending on the amount of vitamins consumed with food, several conditions can be distinguished:
- Avitaminosis.
- Hypovitaminosis.
- Hypervitaminosis.
The first condition is characterized by a violationmetabolism, which is caused by a long deficit of any vitamins (or one vitamin) in the body. Avitaminosis leads to a serious illness or death.
The second condition is typical with reduced intake of vitamins. Hypovitaminosis manifests itself in rapid fatigue, decreased efficiency, vision in the dark, skin flaking, reduced immunity.
Vitamin and mineral complexes
Vitamins are complex organic substances,which should be applied in a balanced manner, without excess and shortage. There are many different options, and in combination with minerals, and separately.
In the modern world, every day there are newdata on vitamins and their effect on the living organism. There is an opinion that they are able to improve the internal environment, increase the functional abilities of a person. Therefore, modern dietology considers the intake of vitamins as a means for the prevention of disease.
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