A child left without parental care is who? Rights and protection of children left without parental care

Children who in connection with lifecircumstances were left without parental attention and care, should be provided with the protection of state bodies. They are defined in foster families or in specialized institutions, where they will be supervised and taken care of. In addition, minors in this case are not considered orphans, but only children who have remained without parental care, because legal representatives are limited or deprived of their rights, do not fulfill their duties. An orphan can only be called a child who lost both his father and mother because they died.

Definition

A child left without parental care, -this is a minor who was left without care, attention and material support of the latter, due to the fact that they were deprived or restricted in rights to it, evaded education, long absent, did not take it out of the educational institution.

Questions about the arrangement of such children in reception roomsor foster families or in specialized institutions are engaged in state social services. They should identify such minors, keep records of them, and monitor their further life, nutrition and development, if the latter were transferred to educate other people.

Device

Orphans and children left without parental care are identified in specialized institutions so that they can eat, develop and receive education normally.

There are several forms for the organization of minors:

• guardianship or trusteeship;
• adoption; adoption;
• foster or foster family.

If such opportunities for identifying children are not available, they should be transferred to special institutions. The latter can be of the following types:

• orphanages;
• boarding schools;
• social rehabilitation centers and shelters.

Art. 155 of the Family Relations Code suggests that the list of such institutions can also be supplemented by other non-profit organizations that will exercise their main functions in the form of supervision of such minors.

In this case, assistance to children left withoutcare of parents is provided by the state in the form of special social services that are engaged in their placement in foster and foster families, as well as in specialized boarding schools and temporary shelters.

Timing

Guardianship bodies have the right to identify minors in these institutions for permanent or temporary residence.

In the event that a child is placed in an orphanage for an unidentified period, all the responsibilities for care, nutrition and its maintenance are borne by this organization.

If a minor is identified in a boarding schooltemporarily, then all the rights are reserved for legal representatives, trustees, trustees. At the same time, these persons must have valid reasons (serious illness, long business trip), in connection with which they can not properly monitor and care for children.

Regardless of whether the child is temporarily or permanently residing in a specialized institution, the guardianship authorities draw up an appropriate act when they are transferred to the specified organization.

Main responsibilities

The following functions are assigned to the guardianship authorities:

• ensuring the placement of a minor in a specialized organization where he will receive education, be supervised and fully maintained;
• control over the activities of the institution where small citizens live.

Until the child becomes an adult, he will be under their close attention and supervision.

The protection of children left without parental care falls entirely on the guardianship authorities, which thus perform their main functions.

Help

A child left without parental care, -this is a minor citizen who is entitled to receive food, education and housing from the state, because he has lost the care of relatives and close people. Such assistance is provided to children by state bodies, who transfer them to specialized shelters and boarding schools. For this, there are social services. In addition, every indifferent person can help children by contacting a specialized institution for this.

Data

A child left without parental care, -this is a minor who is in the bank of the register of children who need help and protection. In order to obtain any information about minors or if they wish to take them for education in the family, you must contact the regional operator. On the bank's website there are questionnaires of toddlers, together with photos and brief information.

Data on children left without careparents are available for registration by specialized bodies that control them, as well as for the realization of the rights of citizens wishing to take the child for upbringing in the family or to adopt.

Forms

A child left without parental care, -This is a minor who needs the care and assistance of the state. In this case, its definition in a boarding school or shelter will be handled by specialized bodies.

There are several forms of the organization of minors who have lost the support of close people:

• adoption or adoptionafter completing all the necessary documents, is the adoption of the child as a blood relationship, after which it is no longer possible to refuse it;
• guardianship - is established over the baby to 14 years,After this age, only guardianship is possible; imply under themselves the living of a minor with people in their home under the constant supervision of social services;
• foster family - minors are transferred to citizens after registration of the contract; replaces the location of the latter in a special organization.

State support

The rights of children left without parental care,in no case shall be violated. Therefore, there is state support aimed at protecting them. Children in this case have the following rights:

• on education;
• for medical care;
• for housing;
• for the performance of work.

Protection of children left without parental care,is carried out with the help of the state guardianship authorities, thanks to which the child will be able to find a new and strong family, which better than the former can take care of him and his future.

Work

Underage citizens deprived of theirparental care, when applying to the employment service should be registered as unemployed with the appointment of a benefit that will correspond to the level of the average salary of the region. At the same time, these persons have the right to undergo vocational training with the appointment of a scholarship. In addition, if the employer violates their rights during employment, he will be liable in accordance with the current legislation.

Medical service

Children left without parental care, andOrphans are guaranteed free assistance in case of their illness. In addition, they are entitled to treatment outside the Russian Federation if there is sufficient medical evidence after the survey, which will be conducted at the expense of money from the federal budget. Also, these minors are sent to health camps on a no-cost basis.

Getting a home

Children who have been left without parental care, andorphans should be in specialized institutions where they will be supervised and monitored by the guardianship authorities. After reaching the age of 18, they have the right to provide them with comfortable housing. In addition, it must be able to live. The possibility of obtaining housing is reserved for these persons even after the last 23 years.

Judicial protection

In the event that the rights of children are violated,left without parental care, and orphans, their legal representatives and the prosecutor have the right to apply to higher authorities for the restoration of social justice. At the same time, these citizens can apply to the court, which is located at their place of residence.

Protection of the rights of children left without parental care is carried out by professional lawyers on a gratuitous basis, because such a rule is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The prosecutor, when applying to the judicial authority, alwaysproceeds from the fact that citizens of those children who have lost their parents, because of their difficult financial situation, can not do it themselves. In addition, they need the protection of the state.

The Organization

Types of institutions for children who have lost parental care are quite different from each other, and each has its own purpose.

Organizations that hold minors include:

• Education, where they are trained and educated;
• social services, if the child has significant mental and physical disabilities;
• system of health protection.

Institutions for children left without careparents can not always provide them with a full education and development, therefore, the guardianship agencies always try to find a good family for each such baby.

These organizations exist in several ways:

• The social shelter is intended for temporary stay;
• the home of the child, where the juveniles are placed for up to three years, if they are left after birth, to help single mothers;
• boarding school, where minors live and study;
• children's home - specializes as an institution for children of various ages.

In addition, the pace of the device is not very impressivesmall citizens into families. Therefore, the number of children left without parental care is increasing. Also, not every child can be taken for education in the family due to various medical indications, sometimes it will be better for him to be under the control of specialists of the correctional institution.