IGH research is what?

Oncological diseases are the most terriblefor the absolute majority of people. But in order to identify a serious problem in time and start to effectively get rid of it, it is necessary to conduct special surveys. One of them - IGH-study.

Genes, receptors and growth factors

The exact causes that cause cells to activelyto share, forming neoplasms, often having an oncological orientation, science is still unknown. But here is how the growth of cells is already well enough studied. Cells of tissues have a complex structure. On the cell surface there are so-called HER-2-receptors. They serve as a kind of antenna, listening to the commands of the body. By the way, the abbreviation HER-2 originates from the English word combination human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, which in literal translation means "the receptor of the human epidermal growth factor." These and other receptors cause the cell to divide, grow or self-repair.

Active receptor activity and tumor

Unfortunately, not always the human body works as it should be ideally, without failures and illnesses. While science does not know exactly why, but it happens that HER-2-receptors begin to actively receive commands"share and multiply." And since these cellular elements are very executive, they force the cells to actively divide, forming a tumor. Only medical examinations, including IHC-exploitation, allow to determine the status of neoplasm, as well as the prognosis for the treatment and life of the patient.

Gene status of the tumor

Oncological formations of modern medicineDetermined by the status of hormone therapy. This status can be negative (negative) and positive (positive). The specifics of the neoplasm are helped by IGH-study. What does immunohistochemistry show? This study helps to establish the hormonal dependence of the neoplasm - herceptal status, and therefore, to choose the correct method of treatment in order to obtain an effective result.

Negative and positive

The fact that hormone herceptate-tumor status carriesthe name "positive" or "negative", will tell a lot to the competent doctor. But in and of itself these definitions do not refer to emotions, as a common man who first heard about the ICG study might think. The revealed positive hercept status indicates that this type of cancer is more aggressive, it develops faster, spreading through the body through metastasis. But at the same time, such a malignant tumor with a high level of probability will respond to certain types of medications. Negative herceptus-neoplasm status will tell you that the tumor develops slowly, but there is not adequate medication for it yet.

Immunohistochemistry - what is it?

One of the most common oncological diseasesamong women - breast cancer. IHH-study helps to determine the type of neoplasm and choose the treatment in accordance with the current situation. Immunohistochemistry is a laboratory study of a biopsy specimen (biomaterial taken in the process of biopsy) with the help of a special coloring substance. This substance stains HER-2receptors, and the more receptors that influence the appearance and development of the "abnormal" cell, the brighter the color of the biomaterial being studied.

How is the neoplasm status determined?

Painted biomaterial during the laboratoryThe study for determining the hercept status is subjected to a visual examination. For this purpose, a special scale is applied, which has a gradient color from 0 to 3+. This method allows you to distinguish 4 main thresholds, depending on which it is supposed to lead the patient further. It seems - which is easier? Dye the test tissues with a special substance, place under a microscope, carefully examine, comparing the seen with the control color samples, and establish the hercept status of the tumor. But here a huge role is played by the human factor, the features of lighting and so on.

How is the IHC study conducted

If there is a suspicion of cancer, examination of the mammary gland. The interpretation of the immunohistochemical examination contains only four thresholds. But the problem is that the average two values, and this will be 1 + and 2+ on the scale, suggest an unclear result that requires additional investigation by another method. That is IGH-research is the most ambiguous methodrevealing the hercept-status of the neoplasm. In addition, the human factor and external circumstances actively influence the result of the research, as already mentioned. The only thing that most accurately determines the two extreme outcomes - negative 0 (neoplasm has a negative hercept-status) and 3+ (hormonal status of the tumor is positive).

Female hormones and tumors

As modern medicine says, the majoritytumors of the female sexual sphere are dependent on the hormonal level of the organism. Their development is actively influenced by female sex hormones - progesterone and estrogen. Receptors to these hormones determine the formation and development of cancer. The established hormonal dependence allows to define the scheme of treatment with the subsequent vital prediction quite clearly. In addition, these receptors play a role not only in breast cancer, but also in such serious problems as female infertility, endometriosis and cancer of the genital area - the uterus, ovaries, cervix. Herceptor-tumor status, which is established during IHC-Endometrial research, for example, willprescribe treatment with exactly those drugs that will help to achieve an adequate result without unnecessary experiments with the selection of drugs in each specific case.

If infertility

Infertility is a huge problem for manymodern families. Studies conducted by scientific medical institutions showed that in a rather large number of cases infertility is due to a lack of hormonal endometrial background - the epithelial layer lining the uterine cavity. It is the hercept-status that makes it possible to identify IHC-study of endometrial receptivity. Female sex hormones are active parts of the process of egg formation, fertilization, implantation of the embryo into the uterine cavity, and the subsequent gestation of pregnancy and childbirth. The endometrial IGG-examination, as we have already said, allows us to reveal the hercept-status of endometrial cells to estrogen and progesterone and, in accordance with the results obtained, to select the right treatment for a woman.

Diagnosis of lymphoma

Oncological diseases are the misfortune of mankind. Although modern pharmacology and technical developments can cure these diseases. But diagnostics are very important here, especially in the early stages of the disease. Lymph oncology is a common problem. IGH-examination with lymphoma is one of the ways to make an accurate diagnosis, then to prescribe adequate therapy. This study is conducted on a biopsy specimen of the lymphatic fluid or tissue of the hematopoiesis system. Taken for study, the material undergoes staining with special substances that help determine oncomarkers. Unfortunately, this type of research is imperfect and in most cases supplemented by other diagnostic methods. In addition, often the lymphatic system itself does not cause the problem. This is what makes it possible to identify IHH-examination of lymph.

IHC analysis - timely knowledge

Health problems must be detected and identified on time. For this, we need all kinds of survey methods, analyzes. IGH-A study is one of the most commonmethods of diagnosing neoplasms or other problems with the tissues of various organs. The IHC study is conducted on the material taken to determine the problem - the so-called biopsy. The material is colored with special substances for each specific purpose, and with the help of a visual comparison performed by a histologist, oncomarkers are established that show one or another problem. The imperfection of immunohistochemical research is that the material may not be sufficient, the human factor will play a role, or external causes will not allow to establish an accurate picture of the problem. In any case, for an adequate diagnosis of the disease, especially oncological, it is necessary to conduct a whole complex of surveys, where one of the steps will be IHC-study. What is it with cancer? for some organ or tissue? The biopsy is examined for tumor markers, which allow to assess their presence in the sample. As aid in diagnosing IGH-study is indispensable, it is also actively used in establishing the causes of female infertility.

Medicine, and diagnostic including,is constantly evolving. Probably, in the near future immunohistochemical research will be brought to perfection and will allow many people to put an adequate diagnosis with the least expenditure of time and effort.