Gastroenterocolitis acute - quitea common ailment that belongs to the group of toxic infections. The disease is accompanied by inflammatory lesions of the digestive tract, and the foci are mainly localized in the small and large intestine. This is a dangerous condition, as the disease develops extremely rapidly. On the other hand, if properly treated, the symptoms of the disease disappear for 3-4 days.
Of course, patients are interested in additional information about this disease. So where in the international classification of diseases to search for acute gastroenterocolitis? The code for ICD-10 looks like K-52.
In this group almost all types of gastroenteritis and colitis are collected, including toxic, allergic, alimentary, and also those forms of the disease, the causes of which could not be determined.
According to the ICD, acute gastroenterocolitis istoxic infections. Pathogens, as well as toxic products of their vital activity, can spread through the body both through the digestive system and with the bloodstream.
Depending on the type of pathogen, acute gastroenterocolitis is divided into several groups.
Pathogenic microorganisms can enterThe human digestive system, along with contaminated dairy products, canned food, unwashed vegetables and fruits. Sometimes the infection is directly transmitted from the infected animal or person to a healthy one. Also, do not eat pastries with a creamy layer, if all the rules for keeping it were not observed.
Acute gastroenterocolitis (ICD code K-52) is not always associated with infection of the body. There are a number of other factors contributing to the onset of the disease.
Depending on the nature and characteristics of the inflammatory process, it is common to distinguish several forms of gastroenterocolitis:
Gastroenterocolitis is an acute disease thatcharacterized by rapid progression. Typically, the disease begins with the appearance of pain in the epigastric region. Further there is a swelling, increased gas formation, a distinct and frequent rumbling in the abdomen. Many patients complain of severe heartburn, frequent eructations and an unpleasant bitter taste in their mouths.
For the disease, a characteristic decrease in appetite. Patients suffer from nausea and severe vomiting, and vomit masses can contain large undigested food pieces. In the first two days, there may be a delay in the stool, which then abruptly passes into diarrhea. In fecal masses, blood veins and lumps of mucus may be present.
There is a sharp increase in temperature - up to38-39 degrees. When examining the patient, one can note the formation of a gray plaque in the tongue. The skin of a person becomes paler. As the disease progresses, metabolism is disrupted, the patient quickly loses weight. The list of symptoms can include headaches, muscle weakness, confusion. In severe disease, syncope is possible.
According to statistics, children are more prone to thistoxicoinfections due to imperfections in the immune system. Naturally, the clinical picture in a small patient has some peculiarities. In particular, the disease begins with a fever - the temperature rises sharply to 38-40 degrees.
There is also a vomiting - desires arise constantly. The child complains of abdominal pain and diarrhea, and feces often contain impurities of blood. Because of the oxidative processes in the intestine, the stool can acquire a green color. A child with such symptoms should be rushed to the hospital as the children's organism is more prone to dehydration and the attendant unpleasant consequences.
First of all, the doctor conducts an examination, finds outall the symptoms, collects an anamnesis. The clinical picture, as a rule, gives grounds to suspect gastroenterocolitis. Naturally, additional studies are required, including a blood test (a high number of white blood cells indicates the presence of an inflammatory process). Fecal and vomiting masses are also necessarily sent to a laboratory study - the tests make it possible to determine not only the pathogen, but also its sensitivity to these or other drugs.
In addition, it is important to determine what exactly has becomesource of infection (if there is a suspicion of an infectious gastroenterocolitis). The products are also sent for laboratory analysis. This is important, because after discovering exactly how the infection is transmitted, it is possible to prevent an epidemic.
Treatment of acute inflammation is carried outonly in the conditions of a hospital, namely - in the infectious disease department of the hospital. In most cases, supportive therapy is needed. If dangerous products or poisons have been consumed recently, a gastric lavage is performed. In addition, patients are assigned sorbents, as well as drugs that accelerate the excretion of toxic substances from the body (including those that appeared as a result of the metabolism of pathogenic microorganisms).
Because gastroenterocolitis is associated witha significant loss of fluid, shows a plentiful drink and reception of "Regidron" - this will help restore the water-salt balance in the body. With abundant vomiting, patients may be prescribed "Cerucal", "Reglan" or other anti-emetics (as a rule, are administered intravenously due to constant emetic spasms). But the use of antidiarrheal drugs is not recommended.
In the most severe cases, therapy may besupplemented with the use of antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal or antiparasitic drugs, although most often it is not required. As a rule, the improvement of the human condition is observed after 3-4 days after the start of treatment.
Of course, an important part of therapy isfood. Correctly composed diet will help to speed up the process of recovery of the patient. Food should be light, but at the same time provide the body with the necessary nutrients. Good on the condition of the patient will affect porridge, vegetable and fruit soups.
It is necessary to exclude from the diet fried andfatty dishes, spicy and smoked foods, spices, sour fruits, in a word, anything that can irritate the intestinal mucosa. Also it is necessary to strictly limit the amount of black bread, milk, various fruit compotes.
Optimal option is a fractional power,and there is a need often (6-7 times a day), but in small portions - this will ensure rapid digestion of food. Since acute gastroenterocolitis is associated with dehydration, it is necessary to observe the water balance, consuming at least 2-3 liters of purified water per day.
All these measures help not only get rid of the disease, but also restore the functions of the digestive system.
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