The American "Hammer" is a military man. "Hammer" military: technical characteristics

"Hammer" - a military vehicle widely used by AM General (American Motors General) in 1981, commissioned by the US Department of Defense.

The project to create an army cross-country vehicle

In the seventies of the last century the leadershipAmerican military structures came to the conclusion that cargo ATVs supplied by civilian manufacturers do not fully meet the army requirements. There was a need for special multipurpose transport for the regular parts of the US Army. In 1979, work began on a large-scale project to create a wheeled super-vehicle, which received the designation HMMWV. The machine was supposed to carry rapid-fire arms and armored protection. In the summer of the same year, the company AM General started the project and less than a year later the first prototype under the M998 index was already tested in the field and was adopted by the military commission. After completion, the all-terrain vehicle was recommended for serial production.

Based on the approved M998 created two more modelsoff-road car: M1025 and M1026. During the year 1980, 500 Hummers were manufactured at AM General plants, and in the plan for the period from 1981 to 1985 it was planned to produce 55,000 cars.

In 1989, the "Hammer" military vehiclesuper-class, participated in the operation Just Cause in the invasion of the US Army in Panama. After "baptism of fire" the all-terrain vehicle became the main vehicle in the American troops.

Combat application

Originally, "Hammer", a military transporter,was used only to transport infantrymen and was not considered a combat vehicle. The car did not have strong protection and was vulnerable to all types of weapons, including for single enemy shots, not to mention automatic bursts. However, in most cases, the cross-country vehicle was able to exit the whole from a collision with the enemy, rescued a hard landing gear, wheels with swap and a powerful engine.

Reservation

Nevertheless, it soon became clear that the "Hammer", "A military truck without weapons, needs more security. And then the company "AM General" was developed model M1114 with armored hull. Serial production was not, the machine was made in pieces and small series. However, after several Hummers perished in Iraq from direct guerrilla attacks with the use of grenade launchers, the release of an all-terrain vehicle was transferred to the armored version of Up-Armor. At the same time, the suspension was strengthened and a new, more powerful turbo-charged diesel engine was installed. All the windows in the windows were replaced with bullet-proof ones.

Inability to combat conditions

The process of turning "Hammer" into a fighting machinecontinued, and soon it became clear that the car was losing its driving qualities due to a significant weighting of the body. Powerful sheets of armor, protecting the cabin and passenger compartment, significantly increased the center of gravity of the car, which had a negative impact on its handling. In addition, the combat use of the all-terrain vehicle was completely impossible due to its vulnerability to mine ruptures, which easily destroyed the thin bottom of the car.

Modernization

Military "Hammer", characteristics which did not meet the requirements of combatstandards, needed a radical improvement. The car, equipped with small arms on the roof, did not have any devices to protect the machine gunner. Undoubtedly, if the machine was created as a means for conducting combat, then the degree of protection of personnel would be much higher. And now I had to refine the design on the fly in order to increase the combat capability of the all-terrain vehicle.

"Hammer" military: technical characteristics

In 1995, serial production was launchedmodel M1114 on the upgraded ECV chassis. This is a military jeep "Hammer" with an enlarged track and maximally enlarged dimensions, which did not always allow the landing of the car, since the all-terrain vehicle was not placed in each aircraft.

The carrying capacity of the all-terrain vehicle is 2 tons. The maximum speed of the machine with a Chevrolet engine is 88 km / h. The speed of the all-terrain vehicle with a diesel turbo engine of the brand "Detroit Diesel V8" reaches 135 km / h. The fuel consumption is within 23 liters per 100 kilometers. The wheel formula of the car is 4 x 4.

Power point

The American military "Hammer" is equippedengines of several types. Of the petrol engines used Chevrolet V8, the volume of cylinders is 5373 cc / cm, a capacity of 135 liters. with traction which is sufficient to move the car in the field with a full load, but not enough for high-speed driving on the highway, because the transmission uses low gear ratios.

Engine brand "Detroit Diesel V8", turbocharged diesel engine, developing power 195 liters. with a cylinder capacity of 6 450 cc / cm.

Both motors are equipped with a hydromechanical 4-speed automatic GM 4L80-E, produced by "General Motors".

Overall Weight

The car "Hammer" (US, military) has the following dimensions:

• the length of the body is 4600 mm;
• height - 1800 mm;
• width - 2100 mm;
• wheelbase - 3300 mm;
• gauge - 1829 mm;
• gross weight - 4672 kg;
• own weight - 2676 kg.

Hammer today

Currently, American specialistsdevelop an original form of protection based on the system BAE Systems, used for operational army connections. The arrow seat is protected by 50 mm steel plates. The HMMWV of the latest edition is equipped with a small-caliber launcher gun system with remote control. Thus, shooting can be conducted without leaving the cabin. The "Boomerang" system is installed on certain modifications of "Hammer", which counteracts sniper attacks. Options embedded in the device, you can instantly locate the sniper and destroy it with reciprocal fire.

Some countries in Europe and North Africapurchase "Hammer" for internal use, namely to suppress the intense conflicts spontaneously arising on their territory. A maneuverable all-terrain vehicle is easily equipped with water cannons, stationary rocket launchers and bomb-throwers for firing checkers with staggering gas. The American military "Hammer", whose price does not bother the government of countries with an unsettled political situation, is ideal for these purposes.

Armored "Hummers" produced more and moreand more, cars purchase third countries for their law enforcement services, for military police and patrol patrols. In 2007, the United States Marine Corps' management applied for the intention to replace the MRAP armored anti-personnel vehicles with Hammer, due to frequent overturning of high MRAP self-propelled guns and insufficient patrolling.

Modifications

Over 35 years of production, "Hammer" was createdover thirty different modifications of the all-terrain vehicle. In the list the main variants, produced serially and operating in army formations for their direct purpose:

• IMETS - mobile meteorological service;
• Ground Mobility Vehicle - mobile communication machine;
• Lazer System - artillery laser system for neutralizing the enemy;
• M1109 - model of increased security with light firearms;
• M1097 - heavy HMMWV "The Avenger";
• M1069 - light artillery light tractor, for guns caliber 100 mm;
• M1046 - machine of increased security with a complex of anti-tank TOW;
• M1045 - increased security conveyor, with TOW and winch;
• M1044 - a machine equipped with weapons and a winch;
• M1042 - conveyor for the transportation of equipment S250, with a winch;
• M1038 - cargo version with a winch;
• M1036 - armored vehicle with winch and TOW complex;
• M1035 - ambulance car with soft tent and four-door cabin;
• M997 - sanitary transporter with a 4-seater cabin, armored;
• M996 - ambulance with double cab, armored;
• M966 - HMMWV, armored, with anti-tank complex TOW;
• M56 - the smoke machine "Coyote".

Scouts and demining machines

On the basis of the chassis M1114 a modification was created"Hammer" for autonomous two-week traffic, with a crew of four and an increased level of ballistic protection. Armored corps reflects the attack of 7-millimeter bullets from automatic weapons, shells of air detonation, as well as the explosive effect of anti-tank mines. The machine is painted in sand camouflage for camouflage and allows for reconnaissance surveillance of objects at a distance of 800 meters.

Modification M1115 is designed for operations ondemining of territories, buildings, hangars, warehouses and underground structures. In the car all the necessary equipment for the search for mines and high-explosive shells is concentrated, as well as a set of devices that ensure the detonation and neutralization of the found ammunition. The equipment of the special vehicle includes sets of clothes for sappers engaged in subversive operations.

"Hammer M1116" - armored landing vehicle, intended for disembarkation from a transport aircraft on parachutes together with a crew of four.

Cost

The car of military classification "Hammer" is notoften can be found in car dealerships on the territory of Russia, few cars that are offered for sale, are quite expensive. The price range ranges from 730 000 rubles for an old, requiring a repair all-terrain vehicle, up to 6 million 650 thousand for a car in good condition, the recent year of release.