Labor Resources Enterprises
Human resources as an economic category designate the able-bodied part of the whole populationa country that, by virtue of its intellectual and psychophysiological characteristics, is capable of producing material goods or services. This type of resource includes all people employed in the economy, as well as those who are not engaged in it, but are able to work.
Labor resources of the enterprise (staff) - is the aggregate of all individuals who are with the enterprise as a legal entity in the relations regulated by the contract of engagement.
The quality of the labor resources of an enterprise dependsthe result of its activities and competitiveness. The concept of "labor resources of the enterprise" reflects its potential. It is characteristic that unlike other resources of the enterprise, only this group can demand from employers changes of working and payment conditions, and also employees of the enterprise can voluntarily refuse to perform works and leave at their own volition. Therefore, the use of the labor resources of the enterprise should be as efficient and thoughtful as possible.
The company's labor resources have two key characteristics: structure and size.
The quantitative characteristics of these resourcesdetermined by the list (the number on a certain date for the documents), the average (for a certain period) and the secret (who came to work at a certain time) number.
Qualitative characteristics of staff depends onqualification training of employees and their compliance with their positions. Qualitative characteristics are much more difficult to assess than quantitative ones, since a single understanding of the quality of labor is not actually developed today.
The structure of labor resources is determined by the aggregate of individual groups of workers, which are combined according to a certain feature. Allocate industrial and production and non-industrial personnel.
Industrial and production resources enterprises participate in the direct production of material values (workshop workers, plant administration, scientific departments, etc.).
Non-industrial (non-productive) resources are engaged in servicing the sphere of production. This group includes workers employed in the domestic and socio-cultural sphere (subsidiary farms, medical, housing, schools, etc.).
All employees of the industrial and industrial enterprise are divided into a number of categories.
Managers manage the enterprise. Labor resources of the enterprise of the highest level - directors and their deputies. The middle link is represented by the chiefs of shifts, workshops, and sections. The lower level is represented by masters, foremen.
Specialists are occupied in the workshops and services of the plant management, theyare engaged in engineering preparation, development of technologies, organization of production, etc. All specialists are divided into levels. The highest level is represented by chief specialists, heads of departments, sectors and their deputies. Middle - economists, lawyers, engineers, etc. The lower link - junior specialists, distributors of works, equipment, etc.
Workers directly engaged in production. Depending on the nature of the participation of workers in the production process, they can be divided into main and auxiliary ones.
Employees are engaged in technical maintenance of production (draftsmen, bookkeepers, clerks).
The structure can be viewed and analyzed bysuch as the professional structure (the ratio of professions and specialties), qualification (the ratio of workers of different skill levels or the degree of professional preparedness), sex and age, in terms of experience (general or at a given enterprise), in terms of education (higher, incomplete higher, general secondary, incomplete secondary or primary).
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