MTZ-80 tractor: history of creation and main characteristics.

Today we will talk about the famous tractor MTZ-80. We discuss its main characteristics and modifications.

History of creation

The creation of tractors MTZ 80/82 began after the fact,as issued by the decree of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union number 606, which said that it is necessary to create a universal tractor, which belongs to the traction class 1.4, with an engine capacity of 75-85 horsepower.

To significantly reduce the cost ofproduction and speed up the process of reconstruction, the plant management decided to upgrade the MTZ 50/52 tractor. A large number of modifications were made to the MTZ-50 design itself. Among the external changes, it can be noted that the new MTZ-80 tractor received a new cabin trim, and, most importantly, a new modernized engine with a high power was installed on the tractor.

In early 1972, MTZ-80 passed its firsttests, during which it was revealed that about 230 aggregates and tools can be used for work. Due to the installation of a new engine, the speed of which is 2200 per minute, the speed of the MTZ-80 tractor has increased to 33 km / h, so transport operations can be carried out more quickly. Mass production The tractor of the new modification began in 1974. Photo of MTZ-80 tractor was published in local sources of information of the time.

a brief description of

The degree of similarity of the tractors "Belarus-50" and MTZ-80 equals to 70%, but it is worth noting that most of the assembly units are more modernized.

MTZ-80 practically does not differ from itspredecessors: semi-frame transmission design, engine front location, leading rear wheels enlarged in diameter, front wheel guides reduced. The MTZ-80 tractor has only a rear-wheel drive, but the MTZ-82 is all-wheel drive.

Engine

On the "Belarus-80" are installed 4-stroke diesel engines models D-240 and D-243, which have four cylinders.

Manufacturer of these engines Minsk motorfactory. This engine has a semi-divided combustion chamber and liquid cooling. The working volume is 4.75 liters, capacity 80 liters. with., Startup is performed using an electric starter, in some cases, the starting engine of the brand PD-10, its capacity is 10 liters. from.

On some engines, the PZHB-200B pre-heater is sometimes installed.

Thorax

But only mechanicaltransmission. The clutch is single-disk, constantly closed, dry. The transmission is presented in two stages and two ranges and is complemented by a reduction gear. Thus, there are 18 gears for moving forward and 4 backwards. It is possible to install a speed reducer.

On tractors produced after 1985,hydraulically controlled gearbox, which is switched by a load, which allows you to select one of the 4 gears within the included range, without switching off the clutch.

The rear axle has a differential with functionlock, the function is controlled by a pedal, which is located on the polish in the cabin. On newer tractors, the locking control is hydraulic, which allows for the switching of the mode without much effort.

Equipment

Pneumatic equipment: distribution valve and compressor, which ensure the serviceability of the trailer brakes.

Electrical equipment: starter (for starting the engine), lighting, cab ventilation (air conditioning), in some cases alarm can be installed.

Hydraulic equipment: three-section slide valve valve, rear hydraulic cylinder, position and power regulator, gear pump of the brand NSh-32.

Repair of MTZ-80 tractor does not require a lot of money and a lot of time, as all components are easily replaceable.

Modifications

Modifications of the tractor "Belarus-80" a lot, below you will see the main ones:

• Belarus-80.1 - has a large cabin, it also has a rear-wheel drive, like the MTZ-80.
• MTZ-82 and 82.1 - all-wheel drive, the second version is equipped with a large cabin.
• Belarus-82R - rice-growing tractor.
• Belarus-82K - designed to perform work on steep slopes (up to twenty degrees).
• Belarus-80 / 82V - differs from the basic version in that a reverse gear is installed on this model.
• Belarus-82 MK - is designed to perform public works.
• T-80L - used in the forest industry, installed a higher power engine, so the maximum speed is 36 km / h. Wheels are the same size.

Interesting Facts

The Saratov plant "Mossar" was engaged in the production of a model range of tractors "Belarus 80/82" on a scale of 1:43. In the sixth issue of the journal "Tractors: history, people and cars "appeared MTZ-80 tractor in red color, and in the twenty-ninth release it was possible to buy MTZ-82 blue, and after several subsequent releases a model of the MTZ-82R rice tractor in blue color will appear.

It is only necessary to ask ourselves what istractor, and in the subconsciousness there is a photo of the tractor MTZ-80. This model for its existence has suffered many improvements and modifications, but it remains the main in the agriculture and not only.