ZRK "Vityaz": characteristics of anti-aircraft missile system

Domestic SAM "Vityaz" is amedium-range anti-aircraft missile system used for air defense. The weapons of the S-350 50 P6A series are designed by the designers of the famous concern Almaz-Antey. The creation of military equipment began in 2007 under the leadership of Chief Engineer Ilya Isakov. Planned acceptance of the complex for armament - 2012. Until 2020, the Ministry of Defense intends to purchase at least 38 sets. For this purpose, machine-building plants are being built (in Kirov and Nizhny Novgorod). The plants are oriented to the production of the latest generation of missile systems and radar equipment. Consider the features and parameters of this strategic facility, which is also exported.

general information

SAM "Vityaz" began to be developed in the pilotoption in the early 90-ies of the last century. It was first mentioned by the manufacturer Almaz as one of the exhibits of the Max-2001 airshow. The chassis of KamAZ was used as a basis. The new weapon was to replace the morally outdated analogue of the S-300 series. Constructors successfully coped with the task

Improved domesticthe anti-aircraft missile system is aimed at creating a multi-level defense, which allows to secure the air and outer space of the state. This will prevent strikes from drones, manned aircraft, cruise and ballistic missiles. In addition, it can hit low-flying objects. The SAM "Vityaz S 350-2017" will be part of the defense air-space direction with a certain restriction of tactical capabilities against missiles. The technique is somewhat smaller than the S-400 analog, but it is classified as highly mobile military equipment and uses the same charges, 9M96E2. The effectiveness of this weapon has been tested on numerous tests both in Russia and abroad.

Features

In addition to the "Vityaz" air defense complex, the S-400, S-500, S-300E and short-range systems under the name "Pantsir" will be part of the air-space defense complex.

When constructing the consideredthe anti-aircraft missile system, the developments on the export version of the KM-SAM type were used. It was also designed in the Almaz-Antey bureau, focused on the South Korean market. The active phase of development began after the company won an international tender from American and French competitors. They also conducted active development in terms of air defense for Seoul.

Financing of the work was carried outcustomer, which allowed to continue work on the project in the optimal mode. At that time, most of the defense complex complexes in the domestic market survived exclusively due to export orders. Cooperation with the Koreans provided an opportunity not only to continue working on the creation of a new complex, but also to gain precious experience in terms of mastering modern technologies. In many respects this is due to the fact that South Korea did not limit access of Russian designers to the foreign base of elements, actively helping to master it. This helped in many ways to create a similar design that has a multi-purpose profile.

Presentation and purpose

The first prototype of the SAM "Vityaz S 350E"whose characteristics are presented below, was publicly demonstrated at the Obukhov Combine in St. Petersburg. (June 19, 2013). From that moment the weapon was released from the veil of secrecy. Serial production of anti-aircraft missile system is carried out at the concern ABO "Almaz-Antey" in the North-West region. The main producers are the state combine in Obukhov and the plant of radio engineering equipment.

The new plant is capable of operating in a self-propelledmode, aggregating with a fixed multifunctional radar. In addition, electronic scanning of space and a command post on the basis of the main chassis are provided. The STI Vityaz S 350 is designed to protect the social, industrial, administrative and military territories from massive strikes carried out by means of air attacks of various types. The system is able to repel an attack in the circular sector from various attacks, including a small and increased range of missiles. The autonomous work of the complex allows him to participate in the composition of air defense groups, with control from higher command posts. The combat configuration of the equipment is carried out absolutely automatically, with the regular crew only responsible for the operation and control of the weapon during the conduct of hostilities.

TTK ZRK Vityaz

Modern models of the considered anti-aircraft complex are mounted on the chassis of BAZ-69092-012. Below are the tactical and technical characteristics of this military equipment:

• The power plant is a diesel engine with a capacity of 470 horsepower.
• The curb weight is 15.8 tons.
• The payload is 14.2 tons.
• The total weight after installation is up to 30 tons.
• The maximum angle of ascent is 30 degrees.
• Passage of the ford in depth is 1700 mm.
• The defeat of aerodynamic / ballistic targets simultaneously - 16/12.
• The indicator of the synchronous number of induced anti-aircraft guided charges is 32.
• The parameters of the zone of damage at the maximum range and altitude (aerodynamic targets) are 60/30 km.
• Similar characteristics for ballistic-type targets are 30/25 km.
• The period of bringing the machine into combat condition on the march is no more than 5 minutes.
• The crew of the combat crew - 3 people.

50P6E start

The Vityaz SAM is equipped with a launcher,which is designed for transportation, storage, start-up of anti-aircraft charges and automatic preparation before working start. It plays a crucial role in the functionality of the entire machine.

Nominal parameters of the combat unit:

• The number of missiles on the launcher is 12 pieces.
• The interval between the launches of anti-aircraft munitions is at a minimum of 2 seconds.
• Charging and discharging - 30 minutes.
• The maximum distance to the point of command control is 2 kilometers.
• The number of anti-aircraft guided missiles on the launcher is 12.

Multifunctional radar of 50N6E type

The ZRK (with 350E Vityaz) is equipped withmulti-purpose radar locator. It works both in a circular and in a sector mode. This element is the basic information adaptation of military equipment of this type. The combat participation of the device is fully automatic, it does not require the participation of the operator, it is controlled remotely from the command control point.

Options:

• The greatest number of escorted targets in the range of the route location is 100.
• The number of observed targets in the exact mode (to the maximum) is 8.
• The limiting number of accompanied anti-aircraft missiles with control is 16.
• The speed of the antenna in the azimuth is 40 rotations per minute.
• The maximum distance to the point of combat correction is 2 kilometers.

Military control station

This element of the "Vityaz" SAM system is intendedto control multi-functional radars and launchers. The PBU provides aggregation with parallel S-350 type SAM systems and the main command post.

Characteristics:

• The total number of escorted trails is 200.
• The maximum distance from the point of command control to the neighboring complex is 15 km.
• The distance to the superior command department (at the maximum) is 30 km.

Managed missiles 9M96E / 9M96E2

Anti-aircraft guided charges SAM C 350 "Vityaz"the characteristics of which are given above, are modern rockets of a new generation that have absorbed the best characteristics used in modern rocket engineering. Element is an alloy of the highest category, used in scientific research, non-traditional projects, other design solutions. At the same time, various achievements in materials engineering and innovative technological solutions are used. Between each other, the S 350 Vityaz missiles differ in their propulsion units, in the maximum range of flight, in altitude killing and in overall dimensions.

Through the introduction of new ideas and applicationsof the improved engine, the charges considered are superior to the French counterpart "Aster". In fact, rockets are solid-fuel single-stage elements that are unified in terms of the composition of the on-board devices and other equipment, differ only in the size of the propulsion units. High performance is achieved through a combination of inertial and command guidance. In this case, there is an effect of increased maneuverability, which allows you to set up a homing system at the point of meeting with the intended goal. Warheads are equipped with an intelligent stuffing, which makes it possible to provide maximum efficiency in the event of aerodynamic and ballistic analogues of air and space attack.

The nuances of creating ammunition

For any SAM systems Vityaz in Syria,elements with a "cold" vertical start. For this purpose, before the launch of the march engine, the warheads are thrown from the working storage to a height of up to 30 meters, and then they are deployed towards the target by means of a gas dynamic mechanism.

Such a decision made it possible to reducethe minimum distance of the alleged interception. In addition, the system provides excellent maneuverability of the charge and increases the missile overload by 20 units. The ammunition under consideration is oriented to confrontation with various air objects and enemy space forces. The complex is equipped with a military unit weighing 24 kg and small-sized equipment, its mass is 4 times smaller than the ZUR-48H6, and the general characteristics are practically in no way inferior to this charge.

Instead of the standard equipment type 48Н6 with onestarting missile, the new complex allows placing on the launcher a burst charge of four TPKs compatible with 9M96E2 missiles. The aiming of the ammunition set on the target is carried out with the help of an inertial correction system and a radio correction with radar of the GOS at the final point of the flight.

The joint management system guarantees a highlevel of targeting, contributes to the increase of the "ZRK c 350 Vityaz" missiles and target strikes, and also reduces the dependence of the flight of the charge on external influences. In addition, this design does not need additional illumination and location when following the intended goal.

In the system "ZRK S 350 Vityaz" is providedthe possibility of using "advanced" partially active elements that are able to independently calculate the target from angular coordinates. The short-range missile 9M100 is equipped with an infrared warhead for homing, which allows to capture the target immediately after launching the missile. It not only destroys air targets, but also destroys their warhead.

Characteristics of the 9M96E2 anti-aircraft guided missile

Below are the combat parameters of the charge in question:

• The initial weight is 420 kg.
• The average speed of flight is about 1000 meters per second.
• The head configuration is an active radar modification with self-guidance.
• The tip type is inertial with radiocorrection.
• The form of the combat unit is a high-explosive fragmentation version.
• The main charge weight is 24 kg.

Modifications and TTX used missiles

The following are the main tactical and technical characteristics that rockets have to the anti-aircraft missile system under consideration:

• Aerodynamics diagram - bearing body with aerodynamic control (9M100) / duck with rotating wings (9M96) / analog with a movable wing assembly (9M96E2).
• Engine mechanisms - RCS with controlled vector / standard RDTT.
• Guidance and control - an inertial system with radar / GOS.
• The type of control is aerodynamics plus the thrust vector of the engine and the grate wheels or gas dynamic control.
• The length is 2500/4750/5650 mm.
• The wing span is 480 mm.
• The diameter is 125/240 mm.
• Weight - 70/333/420 kg.
• The range of damage is from 10 to 40 km.
• The speed limit is 1000 meters per second.
• A variety of combat charge - contact or high-explosive fragmentation fuse.
• Load transverse type - 20 units at an altitude of 3 thousand meters and 60 - near the ground.

Finally

"Fakel" design bureau started work onnew anti-aircraft complex type 9M96 back in the 80s of the last century. The range of the missile was not less than 50 kilometers. The S 350 "Vityaz", the characteristics of which were considered above, could easily maneuver in the presence of significant overloads, as well as launch charges with a design of transverse displacement, which made it possible to ensure high accuracy of target destruction. An additional effect was guaranteed by the combat heads of automatic homing. At the same time, these complexes were supposed to operate in the air-to-air format. Complexes of SAM "Vityaz" (the characteristics of this confirm) were smaller in size, but not inferior in efficiency. They used missiles of the type 9M100. The main task set for the time before the designers is the creation of unified charges that allowed to strengthen not only internal defense, but also sold excellently for export to other countries.