Fire fighting trunks: technical characteristics. Manual fire trunks and their purpose

Speed ​​and efficiency of fire suppression atThe occurrence of emergencies depends on the equipment that is used by fire brigades. One of the most indispensable devices for the formation of a directed flow of fire extinguishing substances are the fire barrels. Let's look at the main categories of such devices, understand their purpose and the features of operation.

Assignment of fire barrels

Equipment of this category is used forcompletion of fire hoses. With the help of the trunks, the suppression of inflammable substances is ensured to the place of ignition. Due to their use, it becomes possible to form a jet, form water curtains, create a mechanical and air foam of medium or low multiplicity.

Area that can be covered when extinguishingfire, is largely determined by the type of trunks used. The introduction of innovative solutions to the development of modern devices has made it possible to significantly increase the range of the jet impact and reduce the potential danger for workers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

Lafeted barrels

Assume installation in a fire truck, andalso on stationary towers used for this purpose. Differ according to the height of the landing, the presence or absence of pressure regulators, the ability to be equipped with additional attachments.

Combined fixed fire trunkscan form a protective layer, which consists of atomized liquid particles. Since the transformation of such a flow occurs at an angle, the EMERCOM employee is protected from exposure to high temperatures.

According to building codes and regulationsoperation of structures, nearby buildings, which are located in areas of increased danger of fire, must be located stationary fire fire trunks installed on special towers.

Hand trunks

Widely used for manual fire extinguishingmode. Manual fire trunks have a relatively small depth of extinguishing. This indicator is only 5 m. This feature significantly limits their use under certain conditions.

Practically all manual fire barrels can be equipped with special nozzles, which open the possibility for working with separate fire-suppressing compounds.

The operation of such equipment is limited by the design features of certain structures. Therefore, their use is difficult when extinguishing severe fires in large facilities.

Marking of hand stems

The appointment of manual fire barrels is indicated with the help of special symbolic symbols. At present, equipment with the following marking is particularly in demand:

1. RS 70, PC 50, PC 50P - category of removable barrels,the operation of which opens the possibility for a rapid extension of the sleeve lines. The main purpose is the formation, maintenance and reversal of the direction of a continuous jet of quenching matter.
2. РС 70.01 and РС 50.01 are fixed fire trunks that are used to create a continuous flow of liquid without the possibility of adjusting the pressure level.
3. РСП 50, РСК 50, РСП 70 - portableThe devices that provide emergency workers with additional protection from the effects of high temperatures due to the supply of liquid at an angle. The kit contains foam-converting nozzles.
4. RSSC 70 - Highly effective fire equipmentuniversal purpose, which is connected to a fixed fire water supply. In the course of operation, it is possible to adjust the intensity and directivity of the extinguishing agent supply in accordance with the fire conditions. The trunks of this category are suitable for working with any special substances.

Marking of the gun barrels

The fire brigade also contains a marking according to which it is possible to quickly obtain additional information concerning the specification of the device:

1. "P" is a universal mobile fire gunner trunk. Such systems are suitable for the assembly of mobile pumping units.
2. "D" - marking indicates the possibility ofremote control. The principle of operation is based on the adjustment of the head of the working fluid in the automatic mode. Due to the specific design features of the remote barrels, it becomes possible to direct the jet precisely into the ignition source. At the same time, the threat factor to the safety of the employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations is completely excluded. The costs of fire barrels of this type are also automatically regulated.
3. "C" is a stationary version of the gun barrels. It is used to complete internal fire extinguishing valves. It is allowed to mount on special towers and motorized transport.
4. "B" - trunks mounted on trailers. The presence of rotational mechanisms opens the possibility for achieving a wide angle of action.

Fire fighting trunks - technical specifications

Characteristics of individual barrels for suppressionfoci of ignition are always indicated in the technical documentation. One of the main parameters here is the working pressure - the maximum figure for which the device is designed. In other words, the characteristic indicates the fluid pressure that must be present at the exit of the fire hose just before the barrel. Underestimation of the permissible indicator necessarily affects the reduction in efficiency and speed of suppression of foci of ignition. Exceeding the norm can cause critical damage to the trunk. Indicates the characteristic in kgf / cm² or in the atmosphere.

The next defining parameter is the maximumthe amount of working fluid that can come from the outlet hole per unit of time at the optimum pressure in the system. The characteristic is taken into account primarily for the purpose of economical consumption of water. Also take the parameter into consideration based on the performance of the pump or pump.

The range of the sprayed spray indicatesthe maximum fluid delivery distance to which the existing fire barrel is designed. Measured by the last drop when the typical spray angle and the normal pressure level in the system are maintained.

Considering the parameters thatfire shafts, technical characteristics, which are indicated in the technical documentation, it is worth paying attention to the types of connecting heads available for use. It is extremely important to choose the right component in accordance with the nature of the trunk and the type of sleeve used.

What nozzles are used to complete the trunks?

A nozzle is an adaptation, the installation of which expands the functionality of the fire barrel and thus creates the necessary conditions for quickly suppressing the main fires.

Modern fire trunks can be completed with the following nozzles:

• water;
• foamy;
• air;
• water-foam;
• powder;
• with variable flow;
• non-overlapping;
• with a spray.

Peculiarities of laying water-pressure communications during fire extinguishing

To quickly suppress fires,it is important to promptly bring equipment into a "combat" state. To this end, the Ministry of Emergency Situations staff is guided by standardized schemes for assembling elements of water communication lines.

To start, a pump is prepared, whichis responsible for the supply of working fluid from the reservoir. Next, a suction hose is connected that contains a protective mesh, which prevents clogging of the equipment. From the pump to the fire extinguishing site, a sleeve line is provided, the end of which is equipped with a branch. Mounted additional hoses, which connect the fire barrels. At the end, the pump is activated, the pressure is gradually applied to the line, the valves are opened, after which the water comes under pressure to the fire.

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