Late cabbage varieties: description, cultivation, storage

This useful vegetable culture is grown on its ownalmost all summer residents. The vast majority of them prefer varieties of late cabbage. This choice is easy to explain. It is the varieties of winter cabbage that are ideally suited for long-term storage, sour, salting.

These varieties share one feature -resistance to first frost in autumn. Moreover, some of them retain their presentation and taste even when snow falls. Of course, the head for a long time is not stored in such conditions, so it is best not to experiment on the fruits and harvest the harvest on time.

Grades of late cabbage differ excellentindicators of keeping quality and transportability. Forks easily carry storage throughout the winter and even until the middle of spring. Today breeders brought out such varieties of winter cabbage, which lie even before the new harvest.

Cultivation

Grow late cabbage from seeds, which in mid-March are sown for seedlings. Naturally, this must be done in the greenhouse. But in April they can be planted in the ground (under the film shelter).

Seed preparation

Before planting, dry cabbage seeds are mandatoryyou need to prepare. Only in this case it is possible to count on a healthy and abundant harvest. Seeds of cabbage should be placed in water (temperature +50 ° C), soak for 15 minutes. Then literally for 1 minute the seeds are lowered into cold water. After that, they are immersed in a solution of microelements (sold in all stores for gardeners) for 12 hours. After this time, the seeds are thoroughly washed under a stream of running water and placed in the refrigerator for a day.

Planting seeds

So, the seeds are prepared, and it's timesow them in the soil mixture. As a rule, it consists of equal shares of peat, turf and sand. Humus in this case (as well as the old earth from beds) is not recommended to use, because in such soil the black leg virus can be saved. It can easily nullify all your efforts, and you will not grow quality seedlings.

Before planting seeds, the soil mixture should beit is good to shed. To do this, it is necessary to use potassium permanganate. Sow planting material in narrow rows - between the holes the distance should not exceed one centimeter, and between the furrows - about three centimeters. The depth of sowing is 10 cm.

Beginners need to know thatSeedlings of late cabbage need to be fed. The first foliar top dressing is carried out after two real leaflets appeared on the bush. To do this, dilute 0.5 teaspoon of trace elements with complex fertilizers in one liter of water and sprinkle seedlings.

The second top dressing is performed beforehardening of seedlings. In this case, potassium sulfate (tablespoon) + urea in the same volume, dilute in ten liters of water. One bush will need about a glass of composition.

Planting of Late Cabbage

At the end of April, but better in the first days of May,It is necessary to begin to prepare seedlings for transplanting into the open ground. Twelve days before disembarkation (usually late cabbage varieties are planted after May 10) seedlings are gradually accustomed to the sun - for a few hours they open the greenhouses, remove the shelters from the film.

If the air temperature at this time is low, withplanting is not worth hurrying - in adverse conditions, late cabbage can release an arrow with seeds, which means that you can forget about the crop. Grades of late cabbage are planted in the open ground, when there are at least 5-6 leaves on the seedlings. Between the bushes should be a distance of at least 70 cm, a row spacing - 60 cm. And one more important rule: late cabbage should not be planted on beds where radish, beet, radish, tomato and other cruciferous species were growing before it. Favorable predecessors include cereals, potatoes, carrots, beans and cucumbers.

Watering

Late cabbage loves copious watering. Especially it is required to it in August when heads are started to be formed. Once the seedlings are planted, it is watered every two days. The average water consumption is eight liters per square meter of soil.

Later, cabbage will dispense weekly watering at a rate of thirteen liters per square meter. After each watering, it is necessary to loosen the soil (to a depth of up to 8 cm) under the bushes.

Hilling

The first time this procedure is carried out twenty-one days after planting. In the same period, the plant is fertilized with a solution of Mullein. Hilling should be repeated every ten days.

Experienced vegetable growers recommend duringcultivation of cabbage to produce a regular dusting of forks and soil under them with wood ash. This is also an excellent feeding, and will help scare off pests: slugs, cruciferous flea, whiting, aphids and cabbage fly. One square meter of soil is used at least a glass of ash.

Best grades

And now we will introduce you the best varieties of wintercabbage. The first in this list will be the brainchild of Belarusian breeders - Mara. The period of its vegetation is 170 days. During this period, the weight of the head is four kilograms. Fruits are roundish, full of dark green color, with a pronounced waxy coating. This variety is perfectly preserved until early May.

In addition, it is resistant to damage and rot. Cabbage Mara is ideal for souring.

Snow White

Late universal variety of white cabbage. Harvest, with the observance of the necessary conditions, is stored for at least eight months. Specialists, like, however, many experienced summer residents, noting its medicinal properties, recommend to grow this variety for those who have small children. It is extremely useful for a growing body. Preserves useful properties and taste qualities when stored in a room with a temperature of +8 degrees.

Cabbage Moscow

A great variety of late cabbage, perfectsuitable for long-term storage. Many summer residents note that the heads of this variety reach a weight of up to ten kilograms. Kochan is very dense. It is slightly oblate and oval in shape. It does not require complicated special care during the growing season. Cabbage Moscow late is perfectly preserved - until the new harvest.

Valentina

The variety is very popular in the middle lane. Hybrid of Russian breeders. Matures about 180 days. The weight of the head is not more than four kilograms. Stored for up to eight months. But with these, it would seem, not too high rates have excellent taste. The variety is characterized by sugar content, density, fork, crunchiness, but this cabbage is especially good in sugared form.

Amager

Cabbage Amager is considered the recognized leader among the late varieties, ideal for souring. Plugs large (up to 5 kg), juicy. These are excellent indicators among analogues.

Kochany differ round, but slightly flattenedform and high density. Their upper part is painted in a greenish shade, the inner cut is white. This variety is perfectly stored in the winter and well transported. Its main feature is resistance to fungal diseases and root rot. On average, the vegetative period lasts about 160 days. Cabbage Amager loves copious irrigation and complex mineral fertilizers.

Megaton F1

Of all the varieties of late varieties of cabbagethis Dutch hybrid is one of the fastest growing. 125-130 days are required for the complete formation of the head. In this short period of time, a tight fork weighs up to five kilograms. The variety is resistant to pests and fungal diseases. Perfectly transported over long distances. Stored for up to five months. During the formation of the head, it is necessary to observe the terms for the introduction of organic materials and watering. It is desirable to make mineral fertilizers at the very beginning and on the thirty-fifth day after planting the seedlings.

The aggressor F1

Hybrid, refers to late-ripening varieties. It can be grown in all regions. It develops slowly, differs in dense structure and a solid head. The peculiarity of this variety is undemanding in care. Dacha sometimes joke that this cabbage grows like a weed almost in itself. In addition, it perfectly develops under the most unfavorable weather conditions and perfectly maintains its shape without cracking at all. Breeders also worked well on the resistance of this variety to many diseases (late blight, black leg, fusariosis) and pests (aphids, caterpillars, cruciferous flea).

Storage

And in conclusion of our conversation about the late varietiescabbage I would like to dwell a little on the proper storage of culture. It is not enough to know how to grow a good harvest. It's a shame if, due to improper storage, it will be ruined.

Late cabbage varieties are harvested in autumn, in the firstOctober dates. Kochany, intended for long-term storage, should not be subject to frost. The frozen forks are not stored for a long time and start to deteriorate pretty quickly.

You should pay attention to the method of trimminglate varieties: the head is cut so that there remains a stump of at least three centimeters long, as well as two covering sheets. These plugs can be stored in a cool room down the stump.

The ideal option - to store cabbage in a suspendedform. In this case, the heads are not cut, but pulled out together with the root and a stump. They bind in pairs in twine and hang in a cool room. It is necessary to monitor the appearance of diseased and fading leaves and get rid of them in time.