A guide for those who want to know how vacation pay is calculated
Accounting science is not as complex as it seemsfirst glance. It just has a lot of nuances, which you must know, when you start making calculations. In order to do any, even the simplest calculation, you need to methodically and slowly process a bunch of documents. From the accountant in this case, you need the utmost attention and perseverance.
The area of calculation of wages can be consideredthe most problematic. It directly concerns each employee separately, and this fact imposes a certain responsibility on the accountant. You must be extremely careful not to forget anything and not lose sight of it. Take, for example, a vacation. Only a simple man in the street may think his calculation is quick and simple enough. In fact, in order to understand how vacations are calculated, it is necessary to thoroughly know the relevant regulatory documents with all their additions and changes. Work should be done in stages, carefully processing all primary data. Even special methods have been worked out, helping to understand how vacations are calculated in those or other cases. The whole process can be divided into four main stages.
At the first stage it is necessary to determine the periodcalculation. According to the labor legislation of Russia, a worker is paid his wages for the last twelve months of his work for calculating vacation payouts. Here it is necessary to be extremely attentive. Only those payments that are provided for in the employment contract or contract are taken into account. From the accrued amount, it is necessary to exclude material assistance, sick leave, overtime pay and various one-time bonuses. The remaining amount must be added monthly. Thus, we will get the salary, accrued for the whole preceding year. Knowing how vacation payments are calculated, the accountant simply takes monthly transcripts and makes a selection. There is also a small nuance here. According to the law, the employer can give the employee leave even if he has not worked for a whole year. With the consent of the management, after 6 months of work can be obtained the right to another work holiday. Here the accountant will need to perform a double work: compare the results obtained for the period worked and the same figures, but for the whole year. Choose the most beneficial option for the employee. All the subtleties concerning the period should be clearly stipulated in the documents for the granting of leave.
At the second stage it is necessary to analyzethe salary of the employee during the entire accounting period. If during this time the enterprise raised the rates and salaries, then this fact must be taken into account.
The third stage is to determine the salarythe average worker for one day. For this purpose, the adjusted total accruals for the year are divided by the number of months (for a full vacation for the worked year - 12). And then the obtained value should be divided by another 29.4 (the average number of calendar days in a month).
In the fourth stage, it only remains to multiply the value found by the number of days of vacation and you can consider the calculation to be complete.
The amount of leave = ZPrasch. / 12 / 29.4 x D,
Where:
ZPrasch. - Salary for the billing period;
12 - the number of months in a year;
29,4 - the average monthly number of days;
D - number of days of vacation.
This formula turns out to be simple only afterpainstaking preliminary calculations. But here, too, has its own "pitfalls." For example, if the employee was sick during the billing period, the illness time is automatically excluded from the number of days taken for calculation. In this case, the formula will look like this:
The amount of leave = ZPrasch. / (29.4 х Мрчч.п. + Драсч.н.) Х Д,
where Мрчч.п. - the number of fully worked months.
In turn, Dr. = 29.4 / A x (A - H), where:
Desc. - number of days worked in an incomplete month;
A - the number of days (calendar) in a given month;
N is the number of days not worked.
