The economy is what? Development of the national economy

There was such a concept back in timeAristotle, who was a Greek philosopher. While studying the satisfaction of human needs, he used the word "economy". This concept at that time meant principles or laws of management, which is relevant to date. But it's been a long time since that time, and now science with this name covers almost all areas of human life.

The study of science such as economics, manyscientists dedicated their entire lives. Most of the outstanding achievements in this science have been reached by people who have outstanding abilities in mathematics and exact sciences. It is so multifaceted that it has many subsections, which today have been formed as separate types of sciences.

There is no single correct definition

Approaches to what this term means,quite a lot, and we can say that they are all partially true. In most scientific manuals it is written that economics is a science that studies the needs of people for additional benefits, the processes of their creation and increase.

But this definition is not entirely true, since it does not cover all facets of this science. If we examine the concept more objectively, it can be concluded that the economy isscience that deals with the study of the relationship between producers, suppliers, buyers, as well as market relations, the efficiency of the use of resources and other areas that relate to the means of production and economic activity.

This is a system of links

This definition is quite complicatedfor a common man in the street. The simplified version reads: "The economy is a system of connections at all levels of the life of society, through the study of which it is possible to improve the efficiency of activities and meet the needs of all subjects of economic relations."

We can say that the economy studies the relationships of people in the process of production, expenditure, use, redistribution of any resources or means.

In principle, every modern person cancontinue the phrase "Economics is ...", since everyone meets with its manifestations on a regular basis. How to properly spend resources, where to buy raw materials, whom to sell? There are many more such questions, and they have to be answered on a daily basis.

State and international level

The economy is studied both at the international level,and on the state. In the sphere of international economy, economists study the interaction of different countries, unions, associations with each other, which are looking for ways to rationally spend resources to meet their needs.

If we consider the state level, thenwe can say that the country's economy is a set of relationships between subjects of economic relations with each other, the use of resources and means of production at the level of one particular country. At the approach in such scale the science is reduced to studying of intramarket indicators of the concrete country. It should also be taken into account that the state economy is not just a science. There is an indicator that is used in determining the level of development of the country, assessing the quality of life of the population, as well as in various economic studies.

It can also be said that the country's economy isa complex system that consists of several spheres: social, economic, organizational and other interrelations, formed at the state level.

The government is responsible

The government of a given country isresponsibility for the level of economic development. From this side, we can say that the state in the economy is a stimulating development or a growth inhibiting administrative body that directly affects the economy by adopting legislative reforms that regulate both domestic and foreign markets.

Each country has its own scientists whoare studying the state economy. Thus, analyzing current indicators, domestic specialists agree that the Russian economy is one of the most competitive economies in the world. According to various sources, its place in the world is at 6-8 positions. The last two years for the Russian Federation in the sphere of economic development were not the best.

Not only are we rich in oil

For some reason in the US and Europe, most politiciansbelieve that the Russian economy is just oil. This type of raw material, of course, is a large part of all revenues of the Russian Federation, but there are a lot of other resources, as well as goods that the country successfully sells in large volumes on foreign markets. For example, gas, weapons, agricultural goods are always in demand abroad and also make up a considerable share in the country's total revenue.

The very development of the country's economy is subject tostudy of many specialists in the economic sphere. All well-known economists say that development is far from straightforward, and it is characterized by cyclicity, that is, over time, peak levels of development will be observed on a continuous basis, but there will necessarily be recessions after them.

What are the scales?

In studies, one should also remember thatrepresent the levels of the economy. This, to put it in simple words, the scale of those processes that are being analyzed. Depending on the scale, macro and microeconomics can be distinguished.

The level of development of the country is divided into the following groups:

- developed (USA, Japan, France and other countries with developed interconnections at all levels of economic processes);

- developing (India, Brazil, etc.);

- the least developed countries (African countries and others, which are just at the stage of creating developed economic ties).

Although all these groups are not axioms. When assessing the level of development for different indicators, the rating of countries will change. For example, Russia can not definitely be attributed to developed or developing countries. With different approaches to analysis, its rating will fluctuate, but only within these two groups.

Science has different fields of study

It is necessary to pay attention to thisdirection as a social economy. This is a kind of economy aimed at studying the interrelations of the population, protecting the rights of those segments of the population that are limited and poorly provided.

In this area, a very important indicator issatisfaction of people with the economic development of the country and the level of their well-being. When studying the economy on this side, it becomes clear the importance of the correct distribution of not only the results of labor, but also material resources, and other factors of production.

It must be understood that in any casethe formation of personal incomes of people will be a class division: the rich, middle-income or low-income. In order to smooth the gap, government intervention in economic processes is mandatory. By adopting appropriate laws and regulations (taxes, subsidies, subsidies), such resources must be redistributed.

A few words at a time

Economics as a science is prettysubjective, there are no absolutely correct theories, regularities and principles. All observations must be proved. From generation to generation, all theories of correct economic development were challenged by new scientists who came to science. Those principles, which in due time proved well-known specialists, are no longer considered relevant at the present time.

The world is constantly changing, and with it - andthinking of man. If earlier it was possible to say with certainty that demand generates a proposal, then to date the statement will already be wrong. Also, past representations about the price of products and services are already incorrect: the price does not always consist of production costs + expected profits.

The modern economy is approaching globalization, acquiring increasingly complex forms. The modern understanding of the works of K. Marx is completely different, and many of his statements have long been contested.