There is such a profession - to protect the Motherland. Officers of Russia. Defenders of the Motherland

There is such a profession - to protect the Motherland! Russian officers are the pride and glory of our army and, of course, Russia. At all times these people were on the eternal guard of the interests of their own country and always, in spite of constant deprivations and inconveniences, defended its inhabitants with their breasts. That is why, an officer is not even a profession, but a vocation. And in the Russian army they serve, and do not work. The life of officers and their families can not be called cloudless and easy. But, no matter what, they show an example of loyalty and honor.

Officers of Russia. History of formation

In the Russian army, they appeared thanks to the militaryreform of the XVII century. This, in essence, was exclusively hired by foreigners. But over time Peter I began to form the entire higher cadre corps of Russian nobles. Servants of the Motherland possessed the highest and most prestigious status in the society. And it was not for nothing that Russia expanded its own borders in those days.

Over time, and the replacement of numerous kings, heroes,defending our homeland more and more penniless. They were almost entirely self-reliant and had to get into huge debts and losses. But nevertheless, their spirit was strong, and they served the Fatherland regularly, passing many wars and conflicts for him.

Officer's honor was and is above all: power, money, love and life. It was in her honor that legends were composed, songs were sung and many films were shot. And even today it's not just an empty sound - it's a lifestyle.

Code of Officer Honor

On a special unspoken set of rules andduties, which all military men holding ranks should have been guided by, many conversations were conducted. All the stories about the defenders of the Motherland are imbued with these laws. But basically, these are general concepts and conjectures. The code of honor was fully formed even during the Russo-Japanese War. Here are a few such rules that are honored today:

• Do not promise, if you are not sure about the possibility of fulfilling this promise.
• It is necessary to hold on simply and with dignity.
• Do not be too frank. Language is a real enemy.
• You can not smother. It only compromises the real officer.
• Avoid monetary relations with the closest comrades.
• Authority is gained by service and knowledge of the case.
• Subordinates should be respected, not afraid.
• You can not return a missed moment. Therefore, the best solution is action.
• It is better to think correctly than to know much.

These are the main elements of the code of officer honor, thanks to which the military is valued and honored today. Fulfilling these requirements, each of them becomes higher than circumstances and time.

Myths and reality about Russian officers

During the Great October SocialistThere were a lot of rumors and conjectures about the nobles, the royal military and other pillars of imperialism. Most of these "facts" were simple anti-propaganda. But there also arose a lot of obvious exaggerations created by supporters of Nicholas II. Among them the most striking are:

• All Russian officers (empires) are nobles and landlords who bathe in luxury and wealth. - As a rule, they really were from noble births. But most of them were impoverished.
• The officers had their own lands and decent salaries. - According to the stories of many contemporaries, both the senior and junior convoys of the invincible tsarist army had a particularly miserable existence.
• Any military soldier could chatstate secret in a cafe, for another glass of vodka. - A distinctive feature of the officers of that time was self-sacrifice, honor and fighting spirit. Therefore, betrayal or disorder could not be allowed even in thought.

During the Revolution in the leadership of the Royal Armythere were many excellent officers who personally went through several wars. It really was the "elite" of Russian troops. And they are especially applicable to the phrase: "There is such a profession - to protect the Motherland".

The system of military ranks and titles

They determine the situation of servicemenrelative to each other. In addition, the title denotes both the terms of reference and human rights. For the first time the legislative system of ranks was fixed as far back as 1647. Peter I in the "Table of Ranks" has consolidated all military ranks in a single document.

After the bloody and all-destroying Octoberall these ranks were simply abolished. Distinguished the military only in the occupied positions (commander, commander, etc.). Gradually, these posts were being finalized.

The war period also made its own adjustments to themilitary regulations. Special guards ranks and decals were introduced. And the defenders of the Motherland, the revolutionary Red Navy and the Red Army were completely abolished.

In 1994 The general system of military ranks of Russia was significantly renewed. Now the army general can only be the head of the Armed Forces. In addition, the titles differ in types: naval and land.

Basic principles and dogmas of military and patriotic education of the military

Officers are people who give orders andsometimes commanders of many thousands of people. They can not be guided by simple emotions, be uneducated and narrow-minded. Self-development and improvement of Russian officers is one of the main tasks of training any military academy. Even Dragomirov, the acting general and writer, put forward such ideas of education:

• Defenders of the homeland should be disciplined and unconditionally obey orders.
• Education should be higher than education.
• Go from private to general. You need to learn something gradually, then connecting all the parts together.
• Training should be conducted more clearly, on specific and understandable examples.

At the same time, Russian officers, issued from any military establishment, must possess the following qualities:

• Devotion to the Motherland.
• Decisiveness, courage and the ability to endure all of the blows of a difficult fate with resignation and resignation.
• Mutual assistance.

Often these principles of conduct and character of the real officer were not accepted, and sometimes even rejected by the military leadership. But after many years, they remain relevant.

The best military institutions that trained officers

Today everyone knows that there is such a profession - to protect the Motherland. But where is it taught this difficult craft? And what did the military training system in Russia represent and represent?

During the reign of the Romanovs, future officers were trained in such educational institutions:

• Military academies. These are the highest institutions in tsarist Russia - peculiar universities. Then there were six of them. Here the highest command staff was trained, and it was almost impossible to get there.
• Secondary military institutions. These are mainly schools and imperial schools. Young people who had not yet graduated from school were recruited here. The training lasted 3 years.
• Cadet Corps and Pages. It was a kind of military school, which prepared students for entering military schools. But only 10% of graduates were enrolled.

If we talk about modern Russia, the mostfamous now are those military educational institutions that survived even after the revolution and the Great Patriotic War. They pass their historical traditions to the future officers of the Russian Army. These include: military academies of land and rocket forces, military space academies and military institutes, Suvorov and Nakhimov schools, cadet corps, etc.

Who are the cadets?

This title was awarded to Russian officers before1917. It has Germanic roots. It signified a young gentleman or gentleman. In Russia, initially it was assigned to candidates for the first officer rank. Then all the students of Russian military schools began to be called like this. Depending on the kind of infantry troops, there were also a fan-junker, bayonet-junker and ekstandard cadet.

From their youth they were taught military art, beginning with1851, cadets in the Navy began to be called newly arrived volunteers with higher education, and later - students of educational institutions of the navy. As a rule, such officers had a higher status than the same infantrymen, and belonged to the category of non-commissioned officers.

strategy and tactics. These boys did not know by their hearsay what it means to defend the Motherland. Honor and dignity were taught to them from the first courses of military schools. And they carried their love for Russia through life and a lot of wars and conflicts.

This rank was awarded to many diplomats and officials. One of the most famous camera-cadets was the same Alexander Pushkin. He received this title in 1833 from the sovereign himself.

Officers are the heroes of the Russian Empire

These names, probably, are known to every modernschoolboy. They went through history and will remain in it forever as commanders, strategists and heroes who defended our Motherland. Their names were sung by both contemporaries and descendants:

• Suvorov. The legendary commander Alexander Vasilyevich, is known not only for his phenomenal strategic and tactical abilities. This is an example of the most severe self-discipline and self-improvement.
• Kutuzov. He was valued not only for his military abilities, but also for his cheerful character. From his childhood, Mikhail Illarionovich was diligent to study and loved languages ​​and history. He always cared for the population and the Russian soldiers.
• Ushakov. Admiral Fedor Fedorovich is known for the founding of the Black Sea Navy, the development of new naval tactics and the winner of almost 40 battles.

History knows a lot of Russian officers who earned their rank afterwards and blood. They will forever become an example for future military boys.

Heroes of the Second World War and Russia

The Great Patriotic War is still fresh in the memory of the descendants. All atrocities committed on Russian soil are correlated only with the courage and fearlessness of Russian soldiers and officers. It was they, and not the people in the Kremlin, who defended the Motherland at the cost of many millions of their own lives.

Many of these heroes deserved the title and learned,that such an officer's honor is already being in the meat grinder of the war. But nevertheless, they were worthy of the appropriated regalia. This is Major Ivan Vorobiev, a native of the peasants, and later a legendary pilot, and Bondarenko Mikhail Zakharovich - commander of the military air squadron, Lieutenant-General Vladimir Alekseenko and many others. We can not forget about the great combat marshals, such as Georgy Zhukov, Semyon Budyonny, Konstantin Rokossovsky, Alexander Vasilevsky and many others. All of them became the pledge of the Great Victory.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, not much time passed,but for a short time there was a mass of military conflicts and operations. They proved that there are still people in the country for whom there is still such work, to protect the Motherland. They were awarded the great title of Heroes of Russia. Among them: Sulambek Oskanov, Valery Olovarenko, Sergei Arefiev, etc.

The best works about Russian officers

The Russian military are the defenders and the pride of the country. No wonder they are composed of many songs, poems, ballads, a huge number of films and cartoons were shot.

If we talk about music and poetry, then the most famousof them are song "Gentlemen", "Ataman", "Officers of Russia", the poem "An officer", "officer", "There is a profession, to defend the motherland" and so on. d. They devoted their labors Akhmatova, Gumilev, Tsvetaeva and many others.

But most of all I remember films: legendary "Officers" with Yumatov, "Admiral" with Khabensky, "When Cossacks cry" Sholokhov, "White Sun of the Desert" and many other Soviet and modern films and serials.

These works help not to forget about the exploits of Russian officers and bring up a sense of patriotism and pride for the country.

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