Metro Museum in Moscow and St. Petersburg: photos and reviews

The Metropolitan is one of the greatest inventions of the 20thcentury. It is difficult to imagine life in a big city without this type of transport. Few people know that in Moscow and St. Petersburg you can visit such an institution as the underground museum. Guests of these cities will probably be interested in visiting such a place.

Metro as a mode of transport

The very word "underground" of Englishorigin and is literally translated as "metropolitan railway". Metropolitan is a special type of transport, which is a railway branch (or several branches), along which trains run along the specified routes. The main feature of the subway, which distinguishes it from all other modes of transport, is its isolation, isolation in relation to street and pedestrian traffic.

Nevertheless, sometimes it is very difficultDetermine whether a particular transport system refers to a subway. For example, is the underground railway in Novy Afon a subway? Or the so-called high-speed tram in the city of Krivoy Rog, part of the route which runs underground? That is why in the world there are many "hybrid" (borderline) metro systems.

The world's first metro line was laid in London in 1863. Its length was almost 6 kilometers.

The largest metro system on the planetfor today is the New York metro. It includes 24 routes and has 468 stations. In Europe, the largest metro is in Moscow.

To visit the metro museum in this or that city is a great opportunity to learn about the history of its construction, and about the city itself.

Moscow metro: history and modernity

In the former Soviet Union, the first subway appearednamely in the capital of this state. The first line in Moscow was launched as early as 1935, and before the war began, in 1941, there were already three lines operating in the city. During the Great Patriotic War the tunnels of the Moscow metro were actively used as bomb shelters.

Interestingly, the idea of ​​building a subwayin the city arose even in the times of the Russian Empire, namely in 1875. But all those projects were never implemented. The Museum of the History of the Metro in Moscow will tell in full detail about the history of its creation and development.

Today the Moscow metro system includes 12 lines, on which there are 196 stations. In the next five years, their total number should increase by another 78 stations.

It is worth noting that the Moscow metro is notonly mode of transport. It is also a true reserve of socialist realism - the cultural current of the Soviet era. Thus, 44 stations of the Moscow Metro are included in the list of objects of the country's cultural heritage.

The Museum of the Underground (Moscow)

The exhibits of this museum will be uniquely interesting to people of all ages. Reviews about him are exceptionally positive.

We can assume that the Museum of MoscowThe metro was founded in 1967. It was then that the first small exhibition was organized. The metro employees assumed that it would be of interest to ordinary residents of the capital. And they were not mistaken. The museum has always had visitors from the very first day of its existence.

It is quite logical that the Moscow Metro Museum is also underground. Namely - within the metro station "Sportivnaya". You can visit it from Tuesday to Saturday (from 10 am to 4:30 pm).

In general, the underground museum in Moscow leavesa good impression both for ordinary visitors and for people who are connected with transport professionally. Here you can see a lot of interesting exhibits, among them: models of the escalator and turnstile, the real cabin of the subway train, numerous layouts, as well as a huge collection of tokens and tickets (some of them dated 1935).

Reviews of the museum are exceptionally positive. Everyone who has visited here, note that the exhibits are of great interest, especially among local historians and lovers of all antiquity. I like tourists and excursions in the museum, which is carried out at a high level. Many are delighted with the opportunity to sit in the train driver's chair.

However, museum visitors note one significant drawback - it is too small for such expositions.

Petersburg subway: history and modernity

In contrast to Moscow, the metro inSt. Petersburg was launched after the war - in 1955. Today the Petersburg Metro consists of five lines, 67 stations and 7 interchange nodes. Some stations are successfully combined with the railway stations of the city.

The St. Petersburg subway has onea distinctive feature: it holds the world's championship in the middle of the metro stations. And one of them ("Admiralty") is the deepest in Russia. In addition, most of the stations are beautiful and original.

As in the case with the metro metro, in St. Petersburg the idea of ​​building a subway appeared at the end of the XIX century. However, before the development of serious projects, it only came about in the late 1930s.

In 1941, work began on its construction. Just before Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union, workers managed to lay 34 trunks of mines. However, in the speed they had to be flooded due to lack of funds for further construction. And in 1944, died and the head of construction works IG. Zubkov.

Complete the construction of the St. Petersburg Metroit was possible only after the end of the Great Patriotic War. The grand opening of the metro in St. Petersburg (then Leningrad) was held on November 15, 1955.

St. Petersburg Metro Museum

The metro museum in St. Petersburg was foundedin 2005. And active participation in this process was accepted by veterans of the Petersburg underground. A visit to this unique museum begins with a documentary about the history of the transport system. And then the guest begins to get acquainted with the most interesting secrets and mysteries of the Petersburg subway.

For example, many residents of the city are interested inthe question of why at the station "Avtovo" some columns are made of glass, and others - made of marble. Museum guides will gladly answer it. It turns out that at this station all the columns should have been made of glass. However, molds broke down at the factory, and marble was used to make the remaining columns in an emergency order.

"Madly interesting!"This is how they often say about this museum, although some believe that this museum does not stand out among others, that you can go there once, if there is absolutely nothing to do, the entrance is free." Anyway, all visitors to the museum of the St. Petersburg metro on the fact that it is better to visit it with an excursion, because you can learn so many interesting facts about the metro and its construction.

Conclusion

Metro Museum in Moscow or St. Petersburg- an excellent place for those who are seriously interested in the peculiarities of this amazing form of transport. In these institutions, visitors will be able not only to learn about the history of the construction of the metro in a particular city, but also to hear about the secrets and mysteries of the underworld of Russia's large megacities.