In linguistics there is a special term"ethnonym", which denotes the names of people living in a certain locality. The question of how to call the inhabitants of certain cities is often problematic for many native speakers of the Russian language. Even in the reference books on grammar, you can find different variants of pronunciation and writing, which causes some confusion.
The victim of this phenomenon is the population of manycities of Russia. In fact, as the inhabitants of Penza call it? Many linguists discussed this problem, discussing what version is considered grammatically correct, regardless of the number of its carriers. It turns out that in order to find out the name of the residents of Penza, you need to turn to special dictionaries that are regularly updated. Academic data obtained and tested by linguist scholars formulate the main objective rules that regulate the use of "ethno-chronics".
The "Dictionary of the inhabitants of Russia" also explains the twothe case of how correctly to call the inhabitants of Penza. The allowance allows you to call a resident or a resident of the city a Penza or Penza, but also a penzyak and penzyachkoy, respectively. However, the dictionary does not focus on any particular use, allowing both to be used in the speech. In turn, some experts insist that the variation of "Penza" is more literary and stylistically restrained, that's why those who live in Penza should be called that way.
In reality, with the notion of what is calledresidents of Penza, there are some disagreements and contradictions. For example, the name "Penzyaki" originated in the language as far back as the seventeenth century. Despite the vocabulary norms, many residents of Penza insist on the variant "Penza", as the second way seems to them somewhat slang, offensive and prostitution. At the same time, there is another point of view according to which the word "Penza" (included in the last third of the 20th century) seems too official, pathetic and gives "advice." Apparently, native speakers will not be able to come to a consensus, and adjustments to dictionary entries will not be made.
Russian language is a unique and constant systemchanging. Often speech norms are regulated not by rules and restrictions established by linguists, but by everyday practice of using certain constructions. That is why to influence the situation, legislatively, having approved a certain form relating to the resident (resident) of Penza, is extremely difficult.
Anyway, the popularization of literate treatmentto the inhabitants of the city is necessary in order to prevent semantic divisions. However, those for whom Penza is a small homeland, experience less difficulties than, for example, the inhabitants of Vladivostok, Torzhok or Krivoy Rog. It remains to be hoped that in the near future the speakers of the Russian language will stop asking questions about what the residents of Penza call.
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