President of Brazil: photo, biography. First President of Brazil

The current president of Brazil is the 36th in the bill since the founding of the presidential republic and the introduction of this post in 1891.

The emergence of the kingdom

It is interesting that until 1889, Brazil waskingdom. How could the monarchy arise in the Portuguese colony? At first Juan VI in 1806 officially made his capital the south American city of Rio de Janeiro. He was thus saved, from Napoleon, who was seizing one European country after another. But then in fact, Brazil was still a colony and only managed to manage the metropolis by chance. In 1821, the king returned to Portugal, and his son Pedro I remains the viceroy of Brazil.

The end of the monarchy and the first president

In the absence of a king in Portugal,the absolutist opposition, which demanded the abolition of the monarchy in general. In order to preserve power, Pedro I declares Brazil an independent kingdom that existed until the establishment of the Presidential Republic of Brazil.

Manuel Dedora da Fonseca - the first presidentBrazil. A native of the family of the military aristocracy, Deodoro da Fonseca, in 1886, he headed the province of Rio Grande do Sul and became the head of the abolitionist movement that advocated the abolition of slavery. In 1889, he led a military coup, and the monarchy fell, and Deodor and Fonseca became head of the interim government. February 26, 1891 he was proclaimed the head of the republic. But the first president of Brazil did not have a country development program and was unable to retain power. In the same year, 1891, on November 23, Congress announced impeachment. In August next year, Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca died.

Stages of building a republic

The time of development of this largest country in SouthAmerica after the overthrow of the monarchy is conditionally divided into 5 periods. The first of these is the Old Republic. The time of its existence begins in 1889 and ends in 1930. It is followed by Era Vargas - 1930-1945 and the time of the Second Republic - 1946-1964. The military dictatorship, which began in 1964, ends in 1985. The present time, or the New Republic, came to replace the Military dictatorship in 1985 and continues to this day.

New Times

The period of democratization of society began afterexpiration of the term of office of the last military president. The first civilian president of Brazil Tankredu Nevis (1910-1985) was elected to this post by the Commission of Electors, but died before he even had the time to take the oath.

The board of the next president, José Nevis, wasIt is noted by the fact that at its very beginning 10 parties (even the communist party) were legalized to it, and, most importantly, under its leadership, a new democratic constitution of the country was developed and adopted on October 5, 1988, which is still in effect. According to her, the President of Brazil was elected by universal popular vote. In 1997, the constitution was amended to allow the incumbent president to run for a second term.

Beautiful and influential

The penultimate president of Brazil (photo attached) Luis Inacio Lula da Silva was in power from 2003 to 2011.

And since January 1, 2011 the country was headed by the beautiful Dilma Van Rusef (Russeff). The biography of this bright woman is very interesting.

In 2005 she headed the administration yesSilva, becoming in the history of the country the first woman in this position. And before that from 2003 to 2005. she was the Minister of Energy. This was a very difficult part of the economy, because at the end of the second presidential term, Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2003), the country experienced an energy crisis, especially in the southern regions.

Since January 1, 2011, Mrs. Russef - the PresidentBrazil. The woman was elected to this post for the first time. In 2011-2012. Dilma Russef was recognized by the Forbes magazine as the third most influential woman in the world.

Half European woman

The current president of Brazil (photo can be seen inThis article) was born in 1947 in the family of a Bulgarian political exile. An active member of the Communist Party of Bulgaria, Pyotr Rusev was forced to leave his homeland in 1929. In France, he changed his name to Roussef.

After visiting Argentina, Dilma's father foreversettled in Brazil, where, after a while, married a local girl Dilma Janet Coimbra Silva. In the family of the current president of Brazil, three children grew up. So, Dilma has an older brother Igor and a younger sister of Jean Lucia. All children received a good initial classical education, which included music (piano) and foreign language studies.

Paternal genes

Dilma Van herself, who graduated in 1977the federal university of Rio Grande do Sul, majoring in economics, is fluent in addition to native Portuguese, French, English and Spanish. The current president of Brazil, whose biography has been associated with revolutionary activity since youth, has been engaged in politics since the military coup of 1964. As a result, the lawfully elected 24th president of this country, João Gelard, was deposed and fled abroad.

In her younger years, Dilma Russef belonged tothe radical grouping of the Socialist Party, which was called the National Liberation Team. Its goal was an armed struggle against the military dictatorship. The girl herself did not take part in hostilities, but still two years from 1970 to 1972. spent in prison.

The legal politician

In those terrible years in many LatinAmerica was in power bloody military dictators. It is impossible and terrible to imagine that such a charming and beautiful woman in torture chambers was tortured and beaten. Mrs. Russef left the prison sick. Later this courageous woman was engaged only in legal political activity. A fairly long period of time Dilma Russef was in the Democratic Labor Party. But from the 1990s she moved to the Workers' Party, which worked closely with Luis Inácio Lula da Silva.

And in 2010 she was nominated for the presidencycountries. Her program was fully supported by the then head of state. In the first round of elections, held on October 3, 2010, she won almost 47% of the vote, bypassed Jose Serra, a representative of the Social Democratic Party. Having collected in the second round of 56% of the votes, Dilma Russef became the first woman president of the most developed country in South America.

Bright personality and strong woman

The name of the President of Brazil, many people in our country know. After all, this country, together with Russia, is part of the BRICS, which is widely discussed in the media.

As for her private life, Dilma Russef was married twice. The only daughter of the President of Brazil, born in a second marriage, recently gave her a grandson.

In 2009, this strong woman managed to wina terrible disease - cancer of the lymph nodes. This story, like the scandal with the wiretapping of its NSA phones, is memorable to everyone. The current president of Brazil, Dilma Russef, has two top foreign awards - Spain and Bulgaria.