What plants are listed in the Red Book of Russia: names and descriptions

The Red Book of Russia is a unique publication,which contains a list of rare and endangered plants, fungi, insects, birds and animals. It should be studied at school so that the younger generation knows how to conserve and multiply the natural resources for the next generations.

general characteristics

Red books are different: national, international and regional. The first attempts to unite all disappearing representatives of flora and fauna in one edition of humanity took 50 years ago. In 1963, the first, still very meager list was published. It was decided to call it red, because it is this color that signals the important, what should be highlighted and emphasized.

When our state gained independence,he had his own list of endangered species of flora and fauna - the Red Book of Russia. What plants and animals went there, you can see in the copy for 2001. This is the last complete edition, updated and refined. As for the volume dedicated to the flora, it was updated in 2008.

It is known that at the end of 2015 there will be a newThe Red Book of Russia. This was recently reported by Sergei Donskoy, Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology. According to him, leading experts of the country are working on its content, which from the list erase obsolete samples and enter new copies.

Medicinal plants of the Red Data Book of Russia

There are a lot of them. Using such plants in folk medicine, a person thoughtlessly destroys living specimens in nature. Often, tearing the stem from the root, he does not allow him to re-start the germ next spring. At the same time, it is known that many inland residents are engaged in gathering. They do not care about their own health, as they do from this profitable business: the herbs are sold to pharmaceutical companies or procuring organizations. For example, in only one Omsk region, medicinal plants are harvested by about 110 thousand people. In fact, these are all village men and women of working age.

What plants are listed in the Red Book of Russia? Of medicinal it is, first of all, ordinary ginseng, rhodiola rosea, pine forest, belladonna, or belladonna, colchicum magnificent and others. Such plants for medical needs are often grown on specially created for this purpose fields. Hence, they are later disrupted by professional biologists, while observing all the rules of collection.

Ginseng

Rare plants of the Red Book of Russia areunder tireless tutelage and protection of the state. Among them, ginseng is a real miracle of the world of flora. In many countries it is considered a cure for all ailments, even from the Latin language the name of the plant is translated as a "panacea".

The most valuable thing about ginseng is its root. In length, it often reaches 15 centimeters. From him grow numerous branches, taking often a bizarre form. It is believed that the use of ginseng root will not only be able to rid itself of illnesses, but also preserve vitality and youth, even in the elderly.

Like all plants of the Red Data Book of Russia, the descriptionwhich you will find on the pages of the latest edition, ginseng does not grow on the entire territory of our country. He tends more towards the land of the Far East, Khabarovsk and Primorye. It is interesting that in nature his appearance is associated with the intervention of the Gods. In China, it is believed that it is the lightning strike into the source that causes the water to go underground, and the ginseng "root of life" blessed by the higher forces grows in its place.

Belladonna

It is also known as the belladonna. Belladonna and ginseng are not only medicinal, but also forest plants of the Red Book of Russia. The first occurs in the grassy form on the fringes, the latter is in the form of a shrub and is sometimes located even in the depths of the leafy thicket. Fruit - a dark blue berry the size of a cherry. They can not be, because they are very poisonous. After swallowing several berries, even an adult gets a severe form of poisoning, not to mention children.

Belladonna is common in the Southern and Centralregions of Russia. Her healing properties were solved by our ancestors. In ancient times, women squeezed juice from the berries and buried it in the eyes. It widened the pupils, the gaze became clear and brilliant. If the juice is rubbed into the skin of the face, then the cheeks become rosy from this, the skin looks healthy. Belladonna is listed in the Red Book as a valuable pharmacological material. In addition, it is grown in the Krasnodar Territory in specially created for this farm.

Pine

What plants are listed in the Red Book of Russia? Know that these are not only herbaceous specimens, like ginseng, and artisanal like belladonna. There are trees among them. For example, pine. There are many of its varieties, under the protection of the state are five of them: European cedar, grave, chalk, Eldar and Pitsunda.

In Russia, pine is usually found in coniferous forests: near peat bogs, on the slopes of the mountains and on their highest peaks. Loves a different climate: both moderate in botanical gardens, and hard, at an altitude of about two thousand meters. In pine, cedar cones are especially appreciated. Their seeds, which are also called nuts, contain a lot of nutrients, vitamins, oils and acids.

Healing properties of pine fruits were discovered inXVIII century. They brewed them, made of them alcoholic tinctures and ointments. It was believed that the "pine nuts" are able not only to regain youth, but also the lost male power. Nowadays, milk made on the basis of cones, helps with diseases of the bladder and kidneys.

Flowers in the Red Book of Russia

Unfortunately, this edition does not only appearsimple plants, bushes and trees, as well as flowers. People cut off snowdrops in the forests, not paying attention that they are under threat of extinction. Just for the sake of profit and short-term pleasure from a flowering branch, they destroy whole glades of rare specimens.

Because of human greed and lack of culture, soonThe pearl of any lake will disappear completely from the face of the Earth - an elegant water lily. All less often you can see bells, irises, peonies in the field or in the forest. Mankind risks losing irretrievably many kinds of spring flowers: an oak forest, a medlina, a European bathing-place.

Therefore, many of themown protection and severely suppress any violations in this area. It is known that in Moscow and other Russian cities it is forbidden to collect flowers in forest park areas. Herbs need to learn to protect from childhood, so that in the future our planet has not lost its main treasure.

Water lily

Ecology lessons should be held in each school,so that children from early childhood already knew which plants are included in the Red Book of Russia. Perhaps in this way it will be possible to save some species from complete extinction, including the beautiful queen of water - the water lily. Every year the amount of this flower decreases in geometric progression.

They blossom for a long time, practically all the warm timefrom May to August. In the morning, with the first rays of the sun, the bud opens. In the evening he tightly closes the petals. A stunning spectacle can be seen at dawn: flowers come out from the depths of the lake on their boat-leaves and open to meet a new day. This wonderful phenomenon humanity can soon be forever lost, so the flower "sheltered" on its pages the Red Book of Russia (plants).

Water-lily is not only a beautiful representativeflora, it still has magical properties. At least, our ancestors believed in it. They believed that it revives in man the power to defeat the enemy, but also guards and protects him from troubles, envy and sorrows. If a rascal with dirty thoughts and a dark soul touched her, the water lily could even destroy him. Believers wore a dried flower as a charm, putting it into an incense.

Violet

The list of plants in the Red Data Book of Russia includes andthis beautiful and delicate flower. He loves the soil near reservoirs, on the fringes of forests, especially conifers, on stony slopes. You can meet him in the Irkutsk region, Buryatia, Altai and Krasnoyarsk regions. Violet notched reproduces with the help of seeds. They are formed not every year, so this flower and was on the verge of extinction.

The charming plant was attracted by moreancient Greeks. In this country she was under the protection of Persephone, abducted by Hades into the realm of the dead. Since then, the flower is a symbol of a dying and resurrected nature.

Today, the population is sharplydecreased. To the biological peculiarities that lead to extinction, humanity has also put its hand. Mastering new spaces for the development of tourism and agriculture, it destroys entire plantations of the plant. As a result, we lose one of the finest purple flowers on the planet.

Lily of the valley

Rare plants of the Red Data Book of Russia includeyour list and this name. An amazing flower, a true miracle of nature, was protected by environmentalists because of its mass destruction by people. The legend says that the lilies of the valley formed from the endless stream of tears of a girl after her fiancé. Falling on the grass, they turned into white little buds.

Lilies of the valley grow in the European part of Russia,they are also found in the forests of the Caucasus and the Far East. In this case, the plant prefers shady places. The height reaches 20-25 centimeters. After buds bloom, on their places are formed berries of green color, which eventually blush. Lilies of the valley are poisonous. Despite this, they are actively used in the treatment of heart disease, ophthalmic ailments, neuroses and depressions. They are often torn out with roots in large quantities. Therefore, together with other representatives of the flora, this flower is very vulnerable and needs protection.

Knowing now which plants are brought to the Redthe book of Russia, you will pay more attention to their value. By telling this information to your children, you will teach them to love the surrounding world, to protect and multiply it.

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