The political sphere, its tasks and characteristics

What are the public spheres of society? This is a certain category of stable relationships between the most diverse and comprehensive social associations, groups and entities. Each such sphere is an extensive, relatively independent, stable subsystem of human activity. Any subsystem (or sphere) includes in its composition activities in all its forms, social institutions, relations between communities or individuals.

Political scientists and philosophers distinguish four main spheres of life:

• Social, consisting of different groups and their relationships (nations, age groups, classes, etc.).

• Economic, including productive forces and production relations.

• Spiritual - groups of people and their relationships, allowing to create cultural objects, spiritual monuments, values, etc.

• The political sphere is the unity of political movements, parties, the state as such.

The initial meaning of the word "politics" is the art of management.

The political sphere of society was born withdivision of labor, the emergence, emergence and development of private (individual) property. It covers the whole spectrum of relationships between any social groups or communities (for example, classes, denominations). The center of this interaction is the attitude to the state power, and the goal is the conquest, preservation and use in its own interests of this power. The political sphere is also the institutions of power, the system of organizations designed to regulate social relations in such a way that they correspond to the interests of society or the ruling class. This is the state itself, its governing bodies, all kinds of political parties, various movements (political and public), formal and informal organizations.

Some modern philosophers and political scientists believe that, besides all of the above, the political sphere includes political consciousness. This kind of relationship also includes this kind of action.

Why did the political sphere of society arise?

Because collective action onproduction of material goods could not develop spontaneously. At some point, she demanded the coordination of efforts of all participants of the labor process, the development of managerial principles. It also became necessary to regulate the relations between multiple social associations (communities) in order to meet their interests, protect integrity, establish contacts with other groups and create the necessary institutions.

From all of the above, it follows that the politicalsphere is responsible for the integration of all components of society, as well as directly for the existence, movement, functioning of a single society as an indivisible organism.

What is characteristic of the political sphere?

First of all, the presence of the state as the first, the only organization acting in different forms, but taking place at different historical periods.

Secondly, the political sphere requiresobligatory presence of parties as cells, reflecting the interests and outlooks of certain groups of the population (classes). They are designed to regulate communication with other classes, communities.

Thirdly, any political sphere haspolitical institutions, movements, organizations. They, just like political parties, reflect the views of a particular section of society, but, unlike politicians, do not seek to infiltrate power. Nevertheless, it is precisely such associations (movements) that raise the "most urgent" issues, and also help to control state decisions. According to some political scientists, it is public groups and movements that are not just an important part of political life, but the main mechanism for the development of the state.

The political sphere is inextricably linked with the other subsystems of society, largely depends on them, in turn, influencing the change of the spiritual, social, economic areas.