Third World countries: their problems and peculiarities

The term "third world countries" appeared in the secondhalf of the twentieth century to refer to states that did not participate in the so-called arms race, which began twenty years after the end of World War II. Modern understanding of this phrase we are obliged to the Frenchman Alfred Sauvi, who published his article in 1952 in one of the most popular printed publications at that time. In his work, Sowie compared the notion of third world countries (developing countries) to the notion of the third class of people in traditional society. Therefore, the main feature of the third world countries from the 80s of the 20th century was considered to be a low level of income per capita, backwardness in the field of economy, politics and industry from other world states.

In order to understand what constitutesthe countries of the third world, we must first understand what states are usually called developed. A developed country is a country whose government is able to provide its citizens with a comfortable and healthy life against a background of a safe environment. The list of modern developed states includes: France, Australia, Sweden, Italy, Israel, Germany, USA, Japan, Vatican, Portugal, etc. The main features of developing states to date are: the absence or weak manifestation of democracy, an unstable market economy, the lack of social human rights and guarantees.

So, developing countries are low-income countrieslevel of socio-economic development. As developing, all states of South America, Africa and most of the Asian states are considered. They are characterized by an outdated model of the economy, a low level of income of the population, a weak education system. According to some sources, 20% of the adult population in Africa is currently illiterate. Key developing countries, also called industrial ones, outperform the previous ones in terms of economic development. These include: South Korea, Turkey, India, Philippines, Singapore, Mexico, etc.

According to sociological research, the countries of the third world differ:

- the agrarian and resource orientation of the economy;

- low quality of labor;

- existence in the past in the form of colonies;

- the heterogeneity of the social structure.

The decisive role in the economy of many of thesestates still has the development of agriculture and folk crafts. Almost all the countries of the third world existed up to the 20th century in the form of colonies, which could not but affect the development of their economy and industry. Among the most lagging countries in the world are: Ethiopia, Tanzania, Laos, Somalia, Honduras, Guatemala. It should be said that most of the developing countries of South Africa are currently in distress. These states can not provide their residents with an opportunity to eat well, have a roof over their heads, receive timely medical assistance, attend educational institutions. Mortality in such countries from hunger, epidemics and murders is extremely high. Residents of economically favorable regions and countries enjoy all the benefits of civilization safely and strive for financial independence, while some of the members of the human race continue to live in extremely unfavorable conditions of the rainforest or the extreme north.

A particular feature of many developing countries is thedevelopment of tourism as the main activity of the indigenous population. An endless stream of travelers ensures the material well-being of many of their inhabitants. Today there is no longer a place in the world that would not be visited by a curious traveler. Therefore, we can safely say that many lagging behind the world powers in terms of the country's economy exceed them by the annual influx of tourists.