Scorpio: where lives, species

Scorpions are unusual and interesting creatures. They appeared about 300 million years ago and practically did not undergo any changes. The conditions of life on the Earth changed, whole classes of animals drastically changed, species disappeared, new ones were born, and scorpions, like turtles, even the way of life, were the same. It can talk about their perfection, because where to live a scorpion - it does not matter, one condition is a warm and dry climate, to the rest it will adapt.

Origin

Confirmation of the invariability of scorpions serveprints of their bodies on hard rock. The origin of scorpions, according to scientists, can be traced in the Silurian period of the Earth's development. Initially, representatives of this species lived in the coastal waters, gradually mastering the land way of life. Modern families and species of scorpions formed 100 million years ago.

This detachment of arthropods is not sufficiently studiedOK. Of the variety of this community, 77 genera and 700 species are known. The variety of species depends on where the scorpion lives, in what natural zone. And you can really meet it everywhere, except in the Far North.

Virtually, they feel themselves and in a moderateclimate, and a hot tropical and subtropical belt. Representatives of this class lead an exceptionally nocturnal lifestyle, hiding from the midday sun in crevices, under rocks or burying themselves in the sand. At night they creep out from the hidden places where scorpions live to hunt.

Description

Scorpios belong to the class of arachnids,detachment of arthropods. Their Latin name is Scorpiones. They look pretty impressive and frightening. Wide front of the cephalothorax has a slight narrowing downwards.

An elongated abdomen is attached to it, consisting ofsegments. Nearby is a pair of rather frightening claws, the purpose of which is to seize prey. Near the mouth are rudimentary limbs, performing the role of jaws (roasted).

To the abdomen from the bottom are attached four pairs of legs,which help to quickly move through the rocks of mountainous territory, in the desert by shifting sands, on any terrain, depending on where the scorpion lives.

The abdomen of the scorpion is rather long and graduallytapers, forming a tail. It ends with a pear-shaped capsule containing a poison. At its end is a sharp needle, with which a scorpion kills its victim, poisoning it with its poison. The scorpion has practically no enemies, as his body is covered with a durable and reliable chitinous shell.

Eyes and colors

Scorpio can see very well, even at night. In the upper part of the cephalothorax there are from 2 to 8 eyes. The largest are the middle eyes. The rest are in two groups near the anterior margin of the cephalothorax. These are the so-called side eyes.

From where the scorpion lives, in what zone willto determine its color. It can be gray, black, purple, yellow-sandy, green, gray, colorless-transparent and even orange. Everything will depend on the habitat. Consider some species of this representative of arthropods.

Imperial

In the tropical part of Africa, a giantbeauties - the imperial scorpion (Pandinus imperator). Its maximum length, including the tail and claws, can exceed 20 cm. It has a surprisingly beautiful coloration - black with a greenish-brown tint.

He is quite strong, thick and roughclaws, with their help firmly held production, which consists of large insects, sometimes small amphibians and mice. Lives in nature up to 13 years, lives in the crevices of stones or under them, under the fallen bark of trees, sometimes in burrows. It leads, like all representatives of this species, a nocturnal lifestyle.

Deserted hairy

In most people, scorpions are associated withdesert, mountainous terrain. It is in such arid places of southern California and the desert of Arizona, where there is a scorpion called "Desert hairy" (Hadrurus arizonensis), there are a lot of them. It has a contrasting color. His back is dark brown, claws are yellow-sandy.

The legs and tail of the scorpion are covered with hairs thatcharacterizes this species. Together with the claws and tail, this individual can reach 18 cm. He experiences the midday heat in a hole dug by him, or under rocks. Their menu consists of beetles, cockroaches, small insects, moths.

Black Tolstoy

Another representative of the desert is calledblack androctonus (Androctonus crassicauda). It is found in large quantities in the Arab Emirates. The places where the scorpion lives (you can see it in the article) are located in the deserts. Its dimensions can reach 12 cm. The color has all the shades of black and not only. Some of its representatives can be both green-olive, brown with a reddish tint and a combined color.

He sometimes lives next to a person, hidingIn the cracks of houses and fences, as well as away from it, in dug holes. It feeds on large insects or small vertebrate rodents. Its main difference is a large massive tail.

Other types

In the forests of North Africa, the desert places of Mexicoand the USA is home to a wood scorpion (Centruroides exilicauda). By color it can be yellow with different shades, and also have black streaks or spots. Representatives of this species of arthropods do not dig burrows, but live under pieces of bark, in rocky crevices or human houses.

In India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, as well as inNear the Middle East, the Arabian Peninsula, yellow toadstock (Androctonus australis) was widely spread, its other name was the southern androktonus. Just like the black androktonus, it reaches a length of 12 cm. Its color is light yellow, with a dark brown or black sting. Lives in mink or cracks in the rocks.

In the desert areas of Arizona and Californialives Scorpio stripe (Vaejovis spinigerus). This is a relatively small arthropod, its maximum size is 7 cm. The color is gray or brown with dark strips on the back.