The First Constitution of the USSR: Content and History

The beginning of the 1920s was marked by the emergence of a new world power in the political arena - the USSR. The first Constitution of the USSR was adopted two years after the creation of the Soviet Union.

The very first code of laws of the new state wassigned in January 1924. It was then at the Second Congress of Soviets that the first Constitution of the USSR was adopted, which legislated the dictatorship of the proletariat.

Also, the first fundamental law reflectedthe multinational structure of the Soviet Union and the powerful base of Soviet power. It is worth noting that the first Constitution of the USSR was adopted by foreign powers without any contradictions.

What accelerated the creation of this code of laws? As is known, the Declaration on the Establishment of the USSR was approved at the first Congress of Soviets, and already in January 1923, exactly one year before the adoption of the first Constitution, six commissions were established to draft and prepare a text for the future code of laws. The first constitution has the following structure:

• first section: Declaration on the Formation of the Soviet Union;
• second section: Treaty on the Formation of the Soviet Union.

The first section characterized the principles of entry into the Soviet Union of other republics. The principles were the following: voluntariness and equality.

In addition to these principles, the Constitution directlydeclared the possibility of a world revolution, the division of the world into two camps: the capitalist and the camp of socialism. The second section of the Constitution of the USSR included 11 chapters, in which the emblem, flag and capital of the Soviet Union, the rights of sovereign republics, regulations on the executive committee, the presidium and other government bodies were affirmed.

The first Constitution of the USSR had the following exclusive subjects of reference:

• foreign policy and trade;
• development of basic laws;
• management / planning of the state budget and economy;
• issues of war / peace.

The second Constitution of the USSR was adopted 12 years later and lasted until 1977.

It had its own name: "The Stalin Constitution," or "The Constitution of Victorious Socialism." What was the proclamation of a new document of the Soviet Union? First, he said that in the USSR socialism has won. Secondly, it confirmed the destruction of private property and the introduction of equal universal suffrage. Strangely enough, but the Constitution of 1936 gave people freedom of the press, assembly, speech and rallies and inviolability of secret correspondence. The representative of all public and state organizations under the 1936 Constitution was the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. It is worth noting that until 1977 the day of the Constitution was considered December 5 - this day was celebrated as a holiday by the whole people. In 1962, Khrushchev creates a commission to review the country's main law.

The first Constitution of the USSR was published inbeginning of 1924. It was the first code of laws of the new state, the new great power. But its history was quite small: only 12 years the first Constitution of the USSR had the highest legal force in the Soviet Union, after which it was revised and abolished.

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