The problem of choice: arguments. The problem of choice in human life
God created man in his own image. But the most important thing that he gave to his creation is the ability to think, meditate and make choices. At times, we face very difficult tasks, which it seems difficult to solve independently. In this case heroes of literary works come to the aid, which offer their weighty arguments. The problem of choice is the main theme of the essays of the Unified State Examination, therefore the younger generation needs to be properly prepared for the decisive stage in their life.
The problems of choice in human life
Think about how often in a day you have toto solve questions, for which there are two or even more answers? First you think about what to eat for breakfast, then how to get dressed in school and what way to go there. After school, you usually wonder, do your lessons now, or after a party? Should I go out with Masha or Kolya today? All these questions are just minor daily problems, which you will most likely cope with easily.
But in life there is a choice more serious. Sooner or later, but you have to think about where to go to study, where to work, how to determine your life's path. This should be considered now, on the verge of adult life. It is for this purpose that teachers are asked in school to read works, analyze them and draw conclusions. So that in the future it will be easier for you, based on the experience of others. We suggest that we consider what the problem of life choices is in the literature. Arguments are given as examples.
Social problems
What kind of young person can there bedifficulties with society? Teenagers are known to be very emotional and unstable emotionally. During puberty, they have completely unusual thoughts, and sometimes they think that the whole world is against them. But survival in society is a pledge of a happy adult life. And you need to learn this as soon as possible. The table on the left shows the problem of choice, the arguments from the literature are on the right.
No. p / p | Name of the problem | Argument |
1. | Social inequality. Some people are too rich - others are poor. | Dostoevsky FM "Crime and Punishment". Despite the fact that the novel raises so many different problems, the main one is the boundary of poverty, behind which the main characters are forced to exist. |
2. | Closedness, orientation only on one's own world, without regard for others. | There is a problem of choice in the works: Saltykov-Shchedrin "A wise gudgeon" and Chekhov "A Man in a Case". |
3. | Loneliness and its weight. | A good example is Sholokhov's The Destiny of Man. The problem of life choices and loneliness is immediately apparent to two heroes - Andrei Sokolov and the boy Vanya. Both during the war lost everything that was dear to them. |
Problems of school relationships
Such difficulties also occur quite often. And to understand them, and even more so to solve, it can be very difficult for a teenager. Parents, as a rule, can not or do not want to interfere with the relationship of teachers and schoolchildren. Let us consider what literature can say about this.
No. p / p | Name of the problem | Argument |
1. | Unwillingness to learn and gain knowledge | This is also a significant problem of choice in liferights. Arguments about the unwillingness to receive knowledge are in F. Fonvizin's comedy "The Minor". The protagonist, being lazy and slobbering, did not achieve anything in life, and was not fit for independent existence. |
2. | Unwillingness to read and be educated | Excellent arguments are offered in his autobiographical trilogy by AM Gorky "Childhood", "In People", "My Universities". |
3. | The role of the Russian language in the life of any person | Nabokov in his novel "Dar" extols Russianlanguage as a gift of fate and teaches how to appreciate what is given from above. It is also useful to read the poems of Turgenev, in which he admires the power and greatness of the Russian language. |
4. | The clash of different views on life | Teacher and student, like father and child. One behind him has a colossal experience and his adult view of the world. The other has its own opinion, often contradicting the adult. This is also a kind of problem of choice. Arguments from literature can be found in Turgenev's work Fathers and Sons. |
Family problems
Where without them? Family problems always occur at any age. We can hurt the nearest person, and do not even think about his feelings. All the same forgive. And sometimes the most painful thing we do is our own parents. It is very difficult to protect yourself from mistakes. But you can read what the problem of choice is. Arguments from literature will help in this.
No. p / p | Name of the problem | Argument |
1. | The complexity of the relationship between parents and children. | Parents often do not understand the point of view of theiroffspring. The choice of children seems to them terrible, contrary to the norms and rules of life. But children sometimes are not right. Read the story of Gogol "Taras Bulba". This is a very serious work, which forces us to reflect on the problem of choice in human life. The arguments are impressive. |
2. | The role of childhood | Do you think that everything is simple with children? No matter how it is. We live in a relatively calm and stable time and can give children the joy of growing up. But not many had it. About how quickly you can grow up during the war, writes Pristavkin in the story "The Golden Cloud slept". Tolstoy still has a problem of life choice. Arguments look for in the trilogy "Childhood", "Adolescence", "Youth". |
| 3. | Family relationships. Orphanhood. | Family values need to be stored. Proof of this is Tolstoy's novel-epic "War and Peace". Do not be lazy, read everything, and you will understand how important it is to preserve what has developed and settled for centuries. |
The problem of choosing a life path. Arguments from literature
Even an adult man sometimes feels that hislife failed. Work is not to his liking, the profession does not bring the desired profit, there is no love, nothing around foreshadows happiness. Now, if I then, ten years ago, went to study there, or married that, my life would have developed quite differently, perhaps happier. Man himself creates his own destiny and everything depends on this choice. The biggest difficulty is the problem of choosing the path of life. Arguments from literature will help to understand this extremely complex issue.
Probably the best example for a younggeneration is Goncharov's novel Oblomov. The theme of the whole work is the choice of one's place in life. On the fate of several people the author tells what can happen if one is weak-willed, or vice versa, hard-headed and stubborn. Ilya Oblomov, as the main character, bears negative features - inability to work, laziness and stubbornness. As a result, it turns into a kind of shadow, without a goal and happiness.
Another example of how an inheritance, notown choice affect the life of a person - this is Eugene Onegin by Alexander Pushkin. It would seem, what else does a young nobleman need? Carefree life, balls, love. You do not need to think how to work, where to get money for food. But Onegin does not like such a life. He protests against the established secular life, against the moral standards of his time, for which many consider him an eccentric. The main task of Onegin is to find new values, the meaning of his life.
What about the profession?
Another insoluble task of the younger generation -the problem of choosing a profession. Arguments can lead parents completely different, offering their children the best, in their opinion, occupation in life. Now this situation is not uncommon. Moms and dads make them go to study where their child does not want to go at all. They argue their position differently: the doctor is profitable, the financier is prestigious, the programmer is in demand, and the poor teenager just wants to become a machinist.
So it happened with the protagonist of the workMikhail Veller "I want to be a janitor". The main character had the problem of choosing a profession. Arguments in favor of who needs to become, he was given by his parents. They advised to look at others who successfully defended their candidates, performing at concerts after the conservatory. But the hero did not want to change his freedom to sit in his auditoriums and study books. He was attracted to the childhood dream of becoming a janitor, to which he aspired.
An example of what little to choose a good professionbut I also need to develop my skills, AP Chekhov cites in the story "Ionich." Especially if you are a doctor. So it was with the main character Ionich. He honestly worked, helped people, until he became morally obsolete. He did not follow the novelties in pharmacology, he was not interested in new methods of treatment. He risked losing his well-being. The moral of the work: the right choice of profession is only half the success, your skills and talent need to be improved.
The problem of moral choice. Arguments
All our actions are exposedthe surrounding world. Before taking this or that step, we will certainly think whether it is contrary to the norms of social relations, conscience, morality, etc. This is all a matter of moral choice. The arguments here are simple. One sage said that there is never a right decision. Because for you it will be true, but for someone it will be false. Let's see what literature teaches us.
No. p / p | Name of the problem | Argument |
1. | Humanity, mercy | M. Sholokhov gives the best examples. He has several stories from which one can draw the theses about mercy and humanity. This is the "Science of Hatred", "The Fate of Man". |
2. | Cruelty | Sometimes circumstances force a person to commitcruel and terrible actions. It's hard to find such arguments. The problem of choice arose among the heroes of M. Sholokhov's epic novel Quiet Flows the Don. The action takes place during the years of the revolution, and the main heroes have to sacrifice something in the name of the revolution. |
| 3. | About dream and reality | Here one can not do without the romantic history of A. Green "Scarlet Sails." But what would have happened if Gray had never appeared in Assol's life? In reality, this does not happen. Of course, dreams sometimes come true, but you need to make a lot of effort yourself for this. |
| 4. | Fighting good and evil | We are always fighting two elements - good and evil. Think about your actions, and you will find arguments. The problem of choice appeared before the heroes of Bulgakov's novel Master and Margarita. This is a great work, in which the branches of good and bad deeds are very skillfully intertwined. |
| 5. | Self-sacrifice | And again, "Master and Margarita." The woman left her house, her wealth and her family for her beloved. She became a weightlessness, a shadow, she sold her soul to the devil for her Master. The work makes you think. And one more story that I would like to rememberin this context. This is Gorky's "Old Woman Isergil." Brave hero Danko wrenched his heart out of his chest to save people, thanks to which the path was lighted, and all were saved. |
Personal problems
The most painful topic for teenagers is love. At the same time it is most interesting to write about it. And how many examples can be given! Love and romance are another problem of choice. The writing is forced to write, relying on one's own thoughts, which sometimes get mixed up and confused. Let us consider what arguments can be given in this context.
Just want to remember the tragic love of Romeoand Juliet in Shakespeare's play. Misunderstanding of relatives and hostility of clans lead to tragic consequences, although the young sincerely were in love and experienced to each other only the most tender and virgin feelings.
A perfect example of real romanticrelations in Kuprin's story "Pomegranate Bracelet". After reading this work, I want to believe that love is the best feeling that a person has ever experienced. "Garnet bracelet" is an ode to the young, a hymn of happiness and a prose of innocence.
Love is sometimes fatal. This in the literature has its arguments. The problem of choice appeared before Anna Karenina in the novel of the same name LN. Tolstoy. The feelings that arose for the young officer Volkonsky became destructive for her. For the sake of a new happiness, a woman left her devoted husband and her beloved son. She sacrificed her status, her reputation, her position in society. And what did you get for this? Love and happiness or longing and disappointment?
Problems of ecology, relationships with nature
Different is the problem of choice in life. Arguments were given the most different. It's time to talk about the environment in which we live. Recently, mankind has seriously thought about the fact that a man, in fact, refers to his home, Mother Earth, very disdainfully. And all actions aimed at preserving the health of the planet do not bring significant results. The ozone layer is being destroyed, air is polluted, there is practically no fresh fresh water left in the world ...
Do you take care of nature? Do you allow yourself to leave your garbage after resting in the forest? Do you burn the plastic and extinguish the flame before leaving? On the relationship with nature, the authors have written a lot. Consider what can be useful for the USE.
Let's start with the novel-dystopia E. Zamyatin "We". It is about the inhabitants of a certain One State, which became numbered, and their entire existence is possible only within the framework of the Sentinel Tablet. They have no trees and rivers, because the whole world is built of human buildings and adaptations. They are surrounded by perfectly even proportions of glass houses. A relationship and love are allowed in the event that there is a pink card. Such a world Zamyatin was specially portrayed to show that a person turns into a programmed robot without nature, real feelings and beauty of the surrounding world.
The struggle of nature and man occurs inE. Hemingway's work "The Old Man and the Sea". The real problem of choosing a person is shown here. Arguments are perfect. If you want to live, stay. This applies to both a weak old man and a strong shark caught on a hook. The struggle for life goes to the death. Who will win and who will surrender? A small story makes you think deeply about the meaning and price of life.
The problem of patriotism
Beautiful arguments about the love of the Motherland can be found in many works about the war. It is in this difficult time that sincerity of feelings is truly manifested.
An example of ideology about false and truepatriotism can be considered a novel-epic of Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace. There are many scenes in the books devoted to this. It is worth remembering Natasha Rostov, who persuaded her mother to sacrifice carts for the wounded near Borodino. At the same time, Prince Andrew Bolkonsky himself is mortally wounded in the decisive battle.
But the greatest love for the Motherland - from simplesoldier. They do not utter loud speeches, they do not glorify the king, they are just ready to die for their land, for their country. The author directly says that it was only through the unity of the Russian people that Napoleon was able to defeat this war. The French commander in other countries faced exclusively with the army, but in Russia he was opposed by ordinary people of different classes and ranks. Under Borodino, the army of Napoleon suffered a moral defeat, and the Russian army won thanks to the mighty spirit and patriotism.
Conclusion
How to pass the exam perfectly is the main problem of choice. Arguments (USE), we tried to bring those that are most often found in the themes of works. It remains only to choose the necessary.
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