Biological diversity. What does the air-terrestrial environment include?
Habitat - this is the immediate environment, inwhich exists a living organism (animal or plant). It can contain both living organisms, and objects of inanimate nature and any number of species of organisms from several species to several thousand, coexisting in a certain living space. Air-terrestrial habitat includes such areas of the earth's surface as mountains, savannahs, forests, tundra, polar ice and others.
Habitat - planet Earth
Different parts of the planet Earth are home tohuge biological diversity of species of living organisms. There are certain types of animal habitats. Hot, arid areas are often covered with hot deserts. In warm, humid regions, there are moist rainforests.
There are 10 main types of landhabitat on the Earth. Each of them has many varieties, depending on where in the world it is located. Animals and plants that are typical of a certain habitat, adapt to the conditions in which they live.
African savannahs
This tropical grassy air-groundThe habitat of the community is found in Africa. It is characterized by long droughty periods following wet seasons with heavy rainfall. African savannahs are home to a huge number of herbivores, as well as strong predators that feed on them.
The mountains
On the tops of high mountain ranges it is very cold,and only a few plants grow there. Animals living in these high places are adapted to cope with low temperatures, lack of food and steep rocky terrain.
Evergreen forests
Coniferous forests are often found in coolregions of the Northern Hemisphere: Canada, Alaska, Scandinavia and regions of Russia. They are dominated by evergreen spruce, and these areas are home to animals such as elk, beaver and wolf.
Deciduous trees
In cold, humid areas, many trees quicklygrow in the summer, but lose leaves in winter. The number of wild animals in these areas varies depending on the season, as many migrate to other areas or fall into hibernation in winter.
Moderate zone
It is characterized by dry grassy prairies andsteppes, grasslands, hot summers and cold winters. This terrestrial-air habitat of organisms is home to such herd-eating herbivores as antelopes and bison.
The Mediterranean zone
The earth around the Mediterranean Sea is hotclimate, but there is more precipitation here than in the desert areas. These areas are home to shrubs and plants that can survive only in the case of access to water and are often filled with a variety of different types of insects.
Tundra
Such air-terrestrial habitats, like the tundra, are covered with ice for most of the year. Nature comes to life only in spring and summer. Here reindeer live and birds nest.
Rainforests
These dense green forests grow near the equator andhave the richest biological diversity of species of living organisms. No other habitat can boast as many inhabitants as the territory covered by tropical forests.
Polar ice
Cold regions near the North and South poles are covered with ice and snow. Here you can find penguins, seals and polar bears, who get their food in the icy waters of the ocean.
Animals of terrestrial-air habitat
Habitats are scattered over a vast territoryplanet Earth. Each is characterized by a certain biological diversity of the animal and plant world, whose representatives unevenly populate our planet. In the colder parts of the world, such as the polar regions, there are not so many species of fauna inhabiting these areas and specially adapted for living in low temperatures. Some animals are distributed around the world, depending on the plants they consume, for example, a giant panda inhabits those areas where bamboo grows.
Air-ground environment
Every living organism needs a home, shelter oran environment that can provide security, ideal temperature, food and reproduction - all that is necessary for survival. One of the important functions of the habitat is to ensure an ideal temperature, since extreme changes can destroy an entire ecosystem. An important condition is also the presence of water, air, soil and sunlight.
