The formation of a comparative and excellent degree in English
Life is difficult to imagine without comparisonobjects or people among themselves. Therefore, in Russian, there are two comparative degrees of qualitative adjectives. And what is the situation in foreign grammar? As for the English language, everything here is unchanged in building both excellent and comparative degrees.
Features of English
As already mentioned above, in English, as inthere is a comparative and excellent degree. There is also a positive, which does not express comparison. Simply put, this is the usual form of the adjective. For example, dark (dark).
But in English there are some difficulties in the formation of comparative degrees, different from ours. To master them you will need a little practice and theory.
comparative
The relative degree of monosyllabic prilagelnyh is formed by adding the suffix -er. This rule also obeys some disyllabic adjectives.
An example of monosyllables is given in the table.
| Positive degree | comparative | Examples |
| wide - wide | wider - wider, wider | Roads in Germany are wider than ours. The roads in Germany are wider than ours. |
| slow - slow | slower - slower | He runs slower than me. He runs slower than I do. |
| cheap - cheap | cheaper - cheaper | Here, shoes are cheaper than in other places. Here, shoes are cheaper than in other places. |
| heavy - heavy | heavier - heavier | Your backpack is heavier than mine. Your backpack is heavier than mine. |
| kind - kind | kinder - kinder | He is kinder of all my friends. He is kinder of all my friends. |
There are cases when the adjective hasending with -e. In this case, just add r. If the word ends with any other vowel letter, it is replaced by i and the suffix -er is appended.
Multi-complex adjectives are created in comparative degree by the word more (more).
| Positive degree | comparative | Examples |
| magnificent | more magnificent (more magnificent, more magnificent) | This car is more magnificent than all others. This car is more magnificent than all others. |
| diverse | more diverse (more diverse, more diverse) | Here life is more diverse than in our city. Here life is more diverse than in our city. |
| colorful (colorful) | more colorful (more colorful, more colorful) | This festival is more colorful than the previous festival. This festival is more colorful than the previous one. |
| reliable | more reliable (more reliable, more reliable) | This part is more reliable. This part is more reliable. |
| perfect (perfect, perfect) | more perfect (more perfect, more perfect) | These technologies are more perfect. These technologies are more perfect. |
Excellent Degree in English
In education, the suffix -est and the definite article are involved. And an excellent degree in English can be similar to the comparative one. This applies to some adjectives-exceptions.
Consider a variant with monosyllabic adjectives:
| Positive degree | Superlative degree | Examples |
| quiet | the quietest (quietest) | This is the quietest part of the city. This is the quietest part of the city. |
| pretty (pretty) | the prettiest (the cutest) | She is the prettiest at the ball. She is the cutest at the ball. |
| small (small) | the smallest (the smallest) | This is the smallest pebble in my collection. This is the smallest pebble in my collection. |
| further (far) | the furthest (the farthest) | This is the furthest route! This is a long way! |
In English, an excellent degree of adjectives is constructed with the help of a definite article and the word most.
| Positive degree | Superlative degree | Examples |
| boring | the most boring | The most boring November in life. The most boring November in life. |
| useless (useless) | the most useless (most useless) | It's the most useless thing for my house. This is the most useless thing for my house. |
| attractive | the most attractive | The most attractive dress. The most attractive dress. |
| mass (mass) | the most mass | The most mass action of workers. The most mass action of workers. |
Exceptions
In the formation of degrees of comparison in the English language, there are several exceptions. These words do not obey any of the rules, you just need to remember them.
| Positive | many, much (much) | bad (bad) | good (good) | little (little) |
| Comparative | more (more) | worse (worse, worse) | better (better, better) | less (less) |
| Superb | the most (largest, largest) | the worst (the worst, the worst) | the best (the best, the best) | the least (the smallest, smallest) |
Adjectives that do not have degrees of comparison
Each adjective can be transformedin an excellent degree in English. As in Russian, only adjectives that belong to the category of qualitative ones have degrees of comparison (comparable adjectives). Relative can not become a comparative or excellent degree in English. In combination with the words "very" or "too" they just lose sense.
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