Salair ridge. Map of Russia - Altai Territory. Salair ridge, Novosibirsk region

The Salair ridge is part of the Southern Siberia region,low elevation. Is a spur of the Kuznetsk Alatau. The ridge begins in the area of ​​the river. Nenia, in her upper reaches. Further down in the north-west direction between the rivers Chumysh and Kondoma, flows along the water flow of the Ob River. The length of the Salair ridge is about 300 km. The hill ends with small Bugotak hillocks. In the territorially-administrative relation the ridge is located in Russia within three areas: Kemerovo, Novosibirsk and Altai Krai. Southern Siberia, the map of which is presented in the article, is an unforgettable place!

Name

The name comes from the once-flowing Sairair River on these lands. In translation from the Turkic "Sair" - stony channel, "air" - rivulet.

Relief

Salair looks more like externala hilly elevation than a mountain ridge. The fact is that most of it has been plowed for a long time already. In addition, along the ridge pass gently sloping valleys.

In fact, Salair is an ancient mountain. The lower section of the ridge is represented by the Hercynian folding. Further, the metamorphic rocks of the three eras of the Devonian period are located in equal bands. By this time, the volcanic formations are located here. The uppermost layer of the ridge is represented by clayey rocks of the Pliocene age.

The Salair ridge has a rugged surface, gullies and ravines are seen. This feature Salair gave a powerful force of weathering and erosion.

By the nature of the relief of the ridge, tworegion, which are particularly contrasted with each other: this is the Salair Plateau and the Kuznetsk Prisalairie. The last area of ​​this area is represented by a sharp slope in the northeast of the hill. The steep wall rises to 120 m and has a sharp slope. The western slopes of the Salair ridge are gentle, evenly descending to the foot of the Altai valley. A feature of the relief are rock caves, funnels, dry logs. They were formed due to erosion processes, which dominated the territory of such a natural object as the Salair ridge for a long time.

Novosibirsk Region, Kemerovo and Altaiedge - it is to these parts of Russia that this mountain chain belongs. It has many summits of low height. The average reach about 400 m. The highest point is the city of Kivda (618 m). Approximate height of the hills are located side by side. These are the Shaggy, Fir and Gold Mountain, as well as the town of Kopna and Belukha.

Wealth edge

Long period of elevation formationinfluenced the location here of large deposits of various minerals. Mentioned about the people of arimasnov, who lived in Siberia and "stealing gold from eagles", are still found in Herodotus. In the area of ​​Salair ridge there are gold deposits - gold-bearing placers. Obtain gold in virtually all rivers, which originate from the mountain chain. The well-known gold crafts of this region are Khristinsky, Ursky, Egorievsky, Mungai and Kasminsky.

Breeds

Of great importance in the region are deposits of stonecoal. Several years ago, the Bachatskoye and Kolchuginskoye fields were discovered and actively used. Also new deposits are discovered, although they are not yet equipped for production. These are the Elbash, Izylgon and Vyzhik deposits.

The region is rich in polymetallic ores. Iron species are represented by red and brown iron ore. There are small inclusions of copper ores. Active mining of metals is in progress. In Salair there are also silver ores. Deposits of silver can be found in the northeast. In small quantities, there are deposits of nickel, mercury, bauxite and quartzite.

Salair ridge is a place where rocks are extracted, which are actively used in construction. These are sandstones, gray and white limestones, volcanic tuffs, diorites, clay and peat.

Rivers

Despite the fact that the height of the Salair ridgeis small, at its tops several rivers originate, which flow both along the eastern and western slopes. Departing from the mountains, these streams flow into larger rivers - Inu, Berdi and Chumysh. The waters of the mountain range have a significant effect on the degree of water content in these streams. Also, the Salair ridge (the map is in the article) is of great importance in shaping the climate on this territory. The fact is that the elevation is located meridionally, so it prevents the passage of air masses deep into the continent. Humidity in the mountains is much higher than in the lower reaches. The rivers flowing here have gently sloping banks, often spill. There are landslides and steep banks everywhere.

Flora and fauna

The Salair ridge has rich vegetation. It is represented by coniferous and mixed forests. There are areas of aspen, birch groves, fir thickets, pine forests (Guryevsky, Vaganovsky, Krasninsky). In the forests there are many berries, mushrooms, rare plants - Altai windmill, holatka, Kandyk, lumbago, many unique primroses. Sometimes there are areas of vegetation, characteristic of such a natural zone as the taiga. Aborigines call these places rabble. Such a nickname of the forest was received because of its thick cover, through which the light does not pass. It is always gloomy, the fog is rolling, a lot of bushes, lichens and mosses, very often bears. In addition to brown representatives in the forests live lynx, fox, wolf, Siberian roe deer, elk, weasel, badger.

Climate and infrastructure

The climate in these places is cool. Because of frequent rains the air is always very wet. People do not live on the Salair Ridge and in its environs. There is also no permanent traffic. Only at the foot of the ridge in the estuaries of the rivers are small villages. The local people welcome travelers, conduct excursions along ecological paths.

Climate map of Russia (Altai Territory on italso is) actually displays all the belts in which this territory is located. And one of the unusual places is Salair. It must be visited without fail! This is an amazing place, where there is something to admire and photograph for memory. Many tourists, coming here, return more than once to refresh their impressions.