Properties of sensations

Sensations - this is the simplest mentalcognitive process. All of them can be divided into three types: interoceptive, proprioceptive and exteroceptive. The first group includes sensations arising from impulses that reach us from the inner environment of the human body; to the second - the reflection of information about the finding of a body in space, providing regulation and correction of motion; to the third group - the sensations that appear due to signals from the outside world, creating a basis for conscious actions and human behavior. Different species characterize certain properties of sensations, but we will talk about this below.

The group of interoceptive sensations brings to the braininformation about the internal processes occurring in the human body. This species is the most ancient and it is considered to be less conscious than others.

Proprioceptive sensations are reflectedinformation about the location of the human body in space. They play a major role in the regulation of movement. Peripheral receptors of proprioceptive sensitivity are found in joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments. The excitement that occurs in these receptors refers to the sensations that occur when the muscles are strained and relaxed and the joints change. This group includes a special kind of sensitivity, which is called "sense of balance." Their receptors are located in the inner ear and are associated with the vestibular apparatus.

The third, most common grouprepresent sensations exteroceptive, which convey to the human body various information emanating from the outside world. There are distant and contact sensations. Contact may be caused by effects directly attached to the surface of the body or the sensory organ. Examples of contact sensations are touch, taste. Distant are caused by an irritant acting at the receptors of the analyzers at a distance. These include smell, hearing and sight.

Types of sensations

Most known since Aristotle's time, suchtypes, as auditory, visual, olfactory, tactile and taste. But a person has also specific types of sensations that give information about acceleration, vibration, and time. Some people do not feel certain types of energy at the level of consciousness (for example, radiation, ultraviolet and infrared radiation, ultrasound, infrasound and others). Different species can interact with each other.

Properties of sensations

Types of sensations have differences in the sources that generate them, and other differences. They have not only specific features, but also the general properties of sensations: quality, intensity, duration.

Intensity is a characteristic determined by the strength of the stimulus and the state of the receptor.

Quality is a feature that distinguishes it from other forms of sensations and changes within this kind of sensations.

Duration is a time characteristic and determines the time of action of the stimulus and its intensity.

When the stimulus acts on the receptors of the sense organs, the sensation may not appear immediately, but after a while. This period is called latent, which is different for different types of sensations.

These are the properties of sensations that we have considered in this article.

So, we found out that the sensation is a psychiccognitive process, which consists in reflecting the properties of objects and internal states of the organism when stimuli are applied to the receptors of the sense organs. The functions of sensations are to inform the central nervous system of a person quickly and in a timely manner about the state of the internal and external environment.

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