How to seal a tooth? Modern methods of dental treatment and dental materials

Many are interested in how to fill a tooth. Currently, in the field of dentistry, many different substances are used for sealing. The article tells about what types of materials exist and what technologies are used depending on the location of the tooth, and also how the tooth canals are filled.

Temporary constructions

As a rule, filling is used for treatment and diagnosis. For example, if the doctor is uncertain about the presence of nerve damage, this design is put exactly.

Temporary fillings used in therapeuticmost often contain medicines that need to be removed. That is, the temporary construction is not the one that will fall itself in a few days. It is removed by the dentist without certain difficulties after a certain period of time.

Constant Constructions

Constant seals should stand on the damagedtooth for a long time, up to several years, or even decades. The seal, which fell a month later, does not fit any classification and is delivered with a violation of technology or without taking into account the load of a mechanical nature. Probably, in this case it was more expedient to establish a crown. There are many varieties of permanent fillings.

Metal seal

To metal structures, it is necessary to include various types of amalgams (an alloy of metals and mercury).

Amalgam has a high degree of strength, especially on a silver base. Although recent studies of scientists indicate that mercury adversely affects health.

Dental material has anothera significant drawback. He has a high expansion ratio. For this reason, there is often a splinter from the tooth wall, which is adjacent to the seal. Also to the minuses is the metal shine of the material.

Seals from amalgam are becoming less and less common, as the process is difficult or requires certain skills.

A remarkable property of the design is their unimpeded mounting on a damp surface. If other materials are used, this effect can not be achieved.

Amalgam hardening occurs 2-3 hours after installation. The next day she needs polishing. There is such a seal for a very long time.

Cement-based seals

Cement filling can be of different types. But the main models are devices based on phosphate. There are also glass ionomer constructions.

Phosphate filling

This seal is characterized by a low level of fixation andpoor resistance with a fragile fit to the edge. To reduce this phenomenon, a silver powder was added to it. This form has moved to the distant past and is not used in modern dentistry.

Glass ionomer model

This species was a breakthrough in the field of dentistry. Such a material has much in common with the structure of the tooth itself. It was pressurized with fluoride, which prevents the development of secondary caries. The seal is perfectly attached to the tooth, but quickly erased.

Composites and plastic products

Composites and plastics are a broad group of models. The difference between composites and plastic is that they contain porcelain. Conditionally they are divided into acrylic and epoxy.

Composite dental material has a high degree of strength, but it contains a lot of toxic substances, and also has a lot of pores during polymerization.

The maintenance of toxic substances can cause an inflammation of a nerve in a tooth on which the seal is planted, and also at contact with the next teeth can cause development in them of caries.

Epoxy models have greater resistance to abrasion, but are brittle. The level of toxicity is lower. The downside of the devices is that a few years after installation, they darken.

Light composites

They are called helioplombs. These are substances that polymerize under the influence of ultraviolet. Their color scheme is very rich.

Light composites are less shrunk, but a similar problem is eliminated by using different techniques.

Tab

How to fill a tooth with a tab? In fact, this design is a microprosthesis for sealing the tooth.

Currently, the following types of tabs are distinguished:

• from solid ceramics;
• on a composite basis;
• plastic products.

The tab is a pre-designed seal model. It is attached to the tooth by means of composites.

The tab is of two types:

• Simulated right in the mouth, then extracted, and its shape is cast a metallic analog.
• A tooth is drilled to the patient, then it is prepared, and a seal is made on the basis of metal, porcelain or plastic.

Root canal sealing process

How do tooth canals fill up? To prevent complications in the therapy of pulpitis or periodontitis, the root canals of teeth should be properly sealed. Practice shows that the basis for a qualitative process is proper preparation. Narrow channels need to be expanded with appropriate tools along the entire length from the tip of the tooth to its root.

The main stages of root canal filling

The process involves the following steps:

• Removal of tissues affected by caries. Also, healthy tissues can be removed to create optimal access to the root canal mouths.
• Removal of pulp, crown and root parts.
• Processing channels mechanically. Channels expand to the desired size by means of special tools from the base to the top of the tooth.
• The final stage of the process is the filling of the root canals with the help of gutta-percha.
• Then proceed to work with the crown of the tooth.

The exact definition of the length of the dental canal isimportant manipulation during sealing. An incorrectly measured measurement can lead to the fact that the tip of the roots will not be fully sealed and an inflammatory process will subsequently occur there.

How is the milk teeth filled?

How to fill a tooth with a child? The specificity of sealing milk teeth in children is based on its appropriateness. The dentist takes into account the condition of the carious tooth, estimates the prevalence of the pathological process, clarifies the symptoms of bone disease, takes into account the age of the child and only then makes the necessary decision.

Before filling, the tooth is treated. The difficulty arises in the fact that the child is frightened by the sound of the drill. To eliminate this factor, the cleaning of the tooth cavity can be carried out by air-kinetic, chemical-mechanical or laser methods.

Seal fillings for baby teeth

How is the milk teeth sealed? Until recently, filling of baby teeth was carried out with an amalgam or glass ionomer material. Both substances have a high degree of strength. However, the first, as already mentioned, is toxic and corrodes. The second species has a greater aesthetics, but is sensitive to moisture, and its hardening occurs throughout the day.

The use of composites in children has previously been difficult, since they have hardened for too long.

Currently, light-curing composites are being produced that characterize short-term condensation. Composites are more hygienic, durable and aesthetic.

The latest novelty in filling baby teethbecame colored fillings. They are called compomers. Such models include glass-ionomer cement and a hybrid composite. The properties of both complement each other.

This seal has a high level of adhesion, it is easily polished and combined with the tooth. It exhibits resistance to saliva and mechanical damage.

The palette of similar models includes seven color solutions. Filling of baby teeth turns for the child into an interesting game.

Features of filling of milk teeth

Dental treatment of a child's teeth, inprinciple, does not differ from the sealing of teeth in adult patients. It should be noted that restoration of temporary painters is carried out with the use of preventive filling. That is, the artificial material closes not only the affected area, but also healthy fissures. In case of eruption of temporary painters, in order to avoid the development of a carious process in the fissure region, it is also recommended to carry out sealing.

Is it possible to seal a wisdom tooth?

As already noted, most often fillingteeth that are affected by caries or pulpitis. These diseases affect absolutely all teeth, but as a rule, the pathological process develops on premolars, molars, and also wisdom teeth.

What about the eighth molars? Is tooth treatment recommended? The clinic is different, but it should be noted that sealing the wisdom tooth is not so often. As a rule, doctors recommend removing the affected molar, but sometimes the patient insists on keeping it.

In what cases is it justified to fill the wisdom tooth?

Do wisdom teeth fill up? When are the doctors resorting to the restoration of the eighth tooth?

There are a number of reasons:

• In the absence of neighboring teeth (if there is no seventh or sixth tooth in the series, or in the near future they are to be removed), dentists advise to keep the wisdom tooth and seal it.
• Eighth tooth may be needed ifThe patient decides to restore the missing teeth in the row using a bridge. The wisdom tooth in this case will become the support for the design. Without his participation, restoration of the teeth with the help of a bridge will be impossible. We will have to resort to more expensive options, for example, the installation of an implant with a crown. And it's not just that the cost of such a design is high. For some groups of patients, it can carry a danger. First of all, it is not recommended for elderly patients and those who have a problem with bone mineralization or blood coagulability.
• If there is an antagonist tooth. Antagonists call teeth that are opposite to each other. Eight, located on the upper and lower jaw, are painters-antagonists. Such pairs are not subject to destruction, since the load and resistance will be reduced relative to the remaining tooth. As a result, the tooth can move and go beyond the dentition.
• With the probability of losing the remaining teeth. Despite the fact that wisdom teeth bear a lot of inconvenience, sometimes they can bring and benefit. For example, when carrying out full prosthetics. A person in old age loses a lot of teeth. Sometimes the eighth molars remain. They appear much later, and the chewing load on them is much lower. If you have wisdom teeth, you can install a prosthesis, and the eighth teeth will serve as a support. This prosthesis lasts longer, and the cost is slightly lower. In this case, the decision depends entirely on the patient, and the dentist can advise little.

Answering the question, shouldsealing the wisdom tooth, the doctor can give a positive answer only if there are three of the above reasons. In other cases, it is recommended to delete it. If the filling is required, then it is carried out according to a standard procedure.

How are front teeth filled?

How to seal a tooth located in the front?

Front teeth are also often destroyed underinfluence of caries. The cause of this phenomenon can be malnutrition and non-compliance with the rules of oral hygiene. Usually the carious process is expressed in a dark speck of small size. More often the process develops on the inside of the tooth or between two teeth. Sometimes the pathology is barely noticeable. However, it should be noted that the front teeth contain an insufficient amount of dentin, and the sprouting of such a spot occurs quickly. The main thing in this case is the timely filling, until the process takes a deeper form.

Methods of filling the front teeth

How to fill the front teeth? When the question of sealing teeth located in the front, the aesthetics of the substance for sealing is set higher than its functionality, since the front take on a minimal load when chewing food. This explains why light-curing seals are used to seal the front teeth. They allow to restore the natural form and color of the enamel.

There is also a more expensive methodfilling - restoration of the front teeth by means of ceramic-based fillings. Outwardly, they are no different from natural enamel, so they are absolutely not visible to an outsider's eye. This material exhibits a higher resistance to external influences.

It should be noted that the manufacture of a seal onThe impression takes quite a long time, so this method is applicable only in cases where the tooth has undergone severe damage, and the use of ordinary light flakes is not practical.

Does the filling cause pain?

Is it painful to fill a tooth? In the immemorial Soviet times, dental treatment brought unpleasant sensations. Over the past decades, dentistry has made a huge breakthrough. Today, the dental office does not cause patients any fear.

Medicine offers a wide range of anesthetics fortreatment of teeth. There are drugs that are suitable even for people with allergies. Only two injections in the gum - and the patient for a long time loses sensitivity to external influences, and the resulting unpleasant sensations after the withdrawal of anesthesia can be stopped with the help of modern painkillers.

How to properly care for a seal?

Many people are interested in how to care for teeth that are sealed.

It is desirable to polish the seal. Qualitatively installed seal does not require any specific care for the oral cavity, but forces ordinary everyday procedures with greater care.

In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to several indispensable rules:

• At least once a year, you should visit a dental office.
• We advise to conduct regular oral hygiene. Teeth that have been sealed need additional care.
• Care should be taken to monitor the quality of the seal. The perfect seal does not cause any discomfort.
• It is desirable to polish the seal. This is a special procedure performed by a dentist every 6 months with regular medical examination. This technique extends the life of the structure and prevents the destruction of the tooth walls.

As for the care of the seal during the first week after sealing, the dentists give the following advice:

• During brushing teeth can be observedbleeding. This is not a disease, but rather, it can be called a natural manifestation of treatment. If bleeding does not stop for 4-5 days, you should consult a specialist.
• For several days after fillingshould adhere to a certain diet: do not eat foods that contain chemicals, temporarily abandon the consumption of tea, coffee and alcohol.

Compliance with recommendations and careful attention to your health help prevent the loss of the seal and contribute to the prevention of other diseases of the mouth.