How are the menstrual period? Monthly for girls

Today you will learn about how the monthly,how much they should last and about the quality of the blood. The arrival of a month for a girl can be a real shock if you do not discuss this topic with her in advance. This completely natural process should not cause a girl's disgust or discomfort. About how the first month starts, how to carry out the care procedures and much more, you need to tell the future woman in advance, having overcome all the inconveniences and discomfort during the conversation.

Sexual maturation

In girls this period is calledpuberty. The first months in girls begin already in the middle of this cycle. What happens to the girl in this segment of life? There is a process of transformation from a girl to a mature woman, who is able to continue her family. Monthly in girls and say that the reproductive function is started, now there is a probability of pregnancy with unprotected intercourse.

How the process starts:

• the brain transmits the signal to the ovaries at the right time;
• the latter respond to it by the production of hormones;
• hormones trigger the process of forming the body of a girl.

It is important to note that there are, as visible changes, and no. At the time of puberty, the following changes occur:

• the girl begins to grow;
• the brain is enlarged;
• there is an expansion of the hip bones;
• forming mammary glands;
• growing and actively developing reproductive organs;
• there are changes in the nervous system and much more.

The first day of menstruation occurs approximatelyone year after the onset of puberty. The first menstruation is usually called "menarche". This indicates that the ovaries have started to function, and now they are capable of producing hormones. Right now there are ovulation and the probability of pregnancy is high.

The first menstruation should normally begin inthe period from twelve to fifteen years. There are cases when they begin much earlier or later. It is important to know that there are many factors that affect the time of onset of the first menstruation:

• hereditary information;
• the degree of physical development;
• nervous system;
• there is the influence of a way of life;
• social environment;
• knowledge of sexual development and inter-gender relations;
• health status.

Early menstruation comes from eightup to ten years, and later on the age of 15 years and more. The latter option is quite common in children who have been sick a lot and have taken medications for a long period of time. Often, the cause of abnormalities are hormonal failures and abnormal development of the reproductive organs.

Duration of cycle

The girl just needs to tell how they gomonthly, how long they last, possible problems and how to look after themselves during this period. It is very important to acquaint her with the concept of the duration of the menstrual cycle and teach you how to use the calendar, so as not to get into the absurd situation with "leaking".

And so, how should the menstrual period? It is important to know that this issue is purely individual, because each organism is special. If there are no health problems, then the cycle should be stable. However, it takes a little time to stabilize the menstrual cycle.

What is the menstrual cycle? This, in a way, is a re-adjustment of the body. In this process are involved:

• vagina;
• uterus;
• ovaries.

It is important for a girl to know that menstruation isA natural process that occurs when hormones are produced by the ovaries. This bleeding from the genital tract should not frighten or discomfort. The cycle is the time interval between the first day of one menstruation and the first day of another. Although the ideal cycle is lunar (28 days), the norm is 10 to 45 days. If you notice a deviation from these norms, or for a long time the cycle has not been established, then a gynecologist's consultation is necessary, because the problem may be a violation of the function of the ovaries.

Control (calendar method)

We figured out what the monthly mean. Once again, this is the monthly blood discharge from the vagina of each woman. When a girl has started her period, it's worth to teach them to mark these days on the calendar. Why is this necessary? Of course, the calendar tracking method helps determine the duration of the cycle and the duration of menstrual flow.

In addition, the calendar method is a toolcontraception. Thanks to the calendar, you can avoid unwanted pregnancies, since it is possible to calculate an approximate day of ovulation. It should be noted that this method should be combined with others, because there is a low probability of unwanted pregnancies even in unfavorable days for conception.

Personal hygiene

While there are monthly, it is necessary to more carefully observe the rules of personal hygiene. This will help to avoid discomfort, both for the girl and for others.

Everyone knows that the secreted blood has a specific smell. It can be very easy to get rid of, observing certain rules.

What is the allocation duringmonthly? This is more the upper layer of the endometrium. Endometrium lining the walls of the uterus from the inside. It is important to know that with time this layer needs to be changed. As a result, menstruation occurs. During the "cleaning" of the uterus, its neck widens, so that unnecessary parts can exit without any obstacles. The dilated cervix is ​​an ideal condition for the penetration of bacteria inside the uterus. They can be contained on a pad or tampon that has not changed for a long time.

To eliminate the unpleasant odor and the obstacle to getting bacteria, one should listen to some rules of hygiene:

• change the gasket or tampon every three hours;
• whenever possible take a shower before changing the means of protection;
• if the last point is impossible to implement, then it will suffice to wash or wipe with a damp cloth;
• when washing, first of all, it is necessary to clean the perineum and only then the anus (this will be an obstacle to getting into the vagina of germs from the rectum);
• you can not take a bath and visit the bath.

The last point is mandatory, because inBath water is not sterile, therefore, bacteria and microbes can get into the vagina. In addition, hot water and high temperature contribute to the influx of blood to the small pelvis and enlargement of the cervix, which facilitates bacteria passage into the uterus.

How many months are there?

And so, how do normal menses? To begin with, menarche, that is, the first menstruation, lasts a short time, only a couple of days. There is practically no blood (just a couple of drops), as a rule, this is a "daub". The normal cycle will be established only after a year and a half.

Pay attention that the established cycle should not be lost during all genital period of a woman's life. This is very important, if there are deviations, it is better to visit a gynecologist.

How many monthly periods last? 10 days, 7 or 2 - this is all the limits of the norm. Some of them pass fairly quickly, but there are cases when the monthly lasts up to ten days. Do not worry about this, because every organism is individual. Below are some norms regarding the monthly, if you do not have any deviations from them, then consider that you are completely healthy:

• The cycle should be between twenty and thirty-five days. "Lunar cycle" is common and, according to gynecologists, the most successful (28 days).
• On average, women have a monthly duration of five days, but the norm is between two and ten days.
• The intensity of bloody discharge should decrease by the last day of menstruation.
• It is difficult to determine, butless, there is a norm of lost blood. Be sure to pay attention to the intensity of secretions, for the entire cycle you should not lose more than 60 milliliters of blood. This amount is optimal, the woman does not feel any discomfort or malaise, because the loss is quickly restored by the body.

The amount of blood

The amount of bloody discharge during menstruation depends on many factors:

• the presence of an intrauterine device as a means of contraception increases the volume of blood and the duration of critical days;
• reception of contraceptive hormonal drugs is able to reduce blood volume, and also reduce or increase the number of "red days";
• hormonal background;
• existing diseases;
• heredity;
• body type;
• external factors (climate, social environment and so on);
• quality of nutrition;
• the state of the nervous system;
• age;
• in women giving birth, the amount of blood during menstruation is significantly increased;
• the weight.

At the same time, the color of the monthlyto tell. This is discussed in the next section of the article. Please note that the volume of lost blood should not exceed 60 milliliters for the entire cycle. If you go beyond this framework, contact a gynecologist, he may prescribe a special drug for bleeding during menstruation.

Quality of blood released during menstruation

Color monthly can tell about anydisorders and diseases occurring in the female body. Please note that the color, volume and nature of the discharge can vary a woman many times in her life. Many factors influence this process.

What do they say scanty dark monthly? As a rule, these are only their precursors. Brown discharge before menstruation is considered the norm, and you should not worry about it. Also, dark menstruation occurs after abortions and miscarriages, a long reception of hormonal contraceptives.

The first months should be bright scarlet,their number should be minimal. If the monthly such a character appeared after the establishment of the cycle (that is, it is not the first menstruation), it is possible that this is endometriosis, which, undoubtedly, needs to be treated with hormonal preparations.

Brown or black discharge three days beforemonths or earlier can also talk about the presence of endometriosis disease or about an ectopic pregnancy that carries a serious danger to a woman's life. Do a pregnancy test and go to the gynecologist urgently.

Pain during menstruation

Some girls note that the first daymonthly is very hard to tolerate, as it is accompanied by strong pain. However sad it may be, there are a majority of such cases. Consult a gynecologist and he will help you to remove these feelings with medications. Experiencing this issue is completely pointless, it is quite normal state of the girl during the menstruation. Many women argue that after the birth of a child could get rid of this symptom.

PMS

With a question, as monthly pass or take place, we have understood. Now let us briefly consider the concept of PMS. This premenstrual syndrome, which all manifests itself in different ways. The most common symptoms are:

• irritability;
• aggression;
• headache;
• nausea;
• elevated temperature;
• chills;
• decreased attention and memory;
• breast swelling and much more.

Sex during menstruation

With an intimate life, it's better to wait a little. Why:

• from the aesthetic point of view, it is disgusting;
• during menstruation, there is a high probability of "catching up" the disease, because the cervix is ​​open;
• possible the development of diseases - endometriosis, algodismenorea;
• many believe that during menstruationit is impossible to conceive, but this is not the case (eggs can mature not just one, but two, early ovulation can come, and sperm live in a woman's vagina up to eleven days);
• blood is a very bad lubricant during sexual intercourse, because the latter is much thicker than blood;
• this can alienate the partner.

Monthly during pregnancy

If you notice spotting duringwaiting for the baby, then you should immediately go to your doctor. It can talk about some pathologies of pregnancy or about the possibility of a miscarriage. However, there are cases when during pregnancy the girl has a period. In any case, the presence of bloody discharge during pregnancy is a deviation from the norm.

Monthly and menopause

At this time, the woman is "reset"organism, now it will serve only you. It's not so bad. In this period of time there may be strong disruptions with the menstrual cycle (the monthly ones come twice a month, the blood is replaced by scant excretions and so on). It's quite normal. Be sure to learn to distinguish menopause from pregnancy, because the absence of menstruation occurs in both cases. The menopause has a number of symptoms: dryness in the vagina, frequent headaches, prolonged depression, profuse night sweats and many others.