What is the subject of philosophy and its functions

Few of the "ordinary mortals" know thatis philosophy as a science. This is not just ranting about the meaning of life, etc. Philosophy is the source of all known sciences to date. In a literal translation, philosophy means love of wisdom. What does philosophy study? Why is it needed in the scientific space? In this article, the subject of philosophy and its functions will be examined.

Philosophy as a science about the universal

The object of studying philosophers is the whole world asone whole. Accordingly, the subject of science are several blocks, namely, the doctrine of being (ontology); the doctrine of cognition (gnoseology); the man himself; the society in which he lives. Apparently, not mathematics is the "queen of sciences", but philosophy. The subject, methods, functions of philosophy affect all human relationships with the world, society, nature and himself. All other sciences have gradually emerged from the depths of philosophy.

What functions does philosophy have?

In order to study science in detail, it is necessary to examine in detail the subject of philosophy and its functions. The subject has already been designated, now we turn to the functions that philosophy fulfills as a science. So:

1. World outlook function. Philosophy shapes a person's concept of the world as a single whole, man begins to operate with such a concept as a picture of the world.
2. The function of social criticism shapes a person's critical view of the social situation, forces him to analyze the facts.
3. The methodological function of philosophy forms in man general patterns of cognition. These research schemes are common for all private sciences.
4. The constructive function is expressed in the ability to predict future events.
5. The ideological function is the formation of beliefs and ideals.
6. Intellectual function. The subject has an ability to theoretical thinking.
7. Function of culture reflection. Philosophy is the spiritual foundation of society, expresses its ideals.

So, we examined the subject of philosophy, its basic functions, now we turn to methods.

Methodology of philosophy

There are several ways of knowing, researchingin philosophy. First, to study the subject of philosophy and its functions, dialectics is used. The dialectical method presupposes a flexible, critical examination of phenomena in the totality of their contradictions and cause-effect relations. The opposite is metaphysics. Phenomena in this case are considered as single, static, isolated and unambiguous phenomena. The third method of philosophy is dogmatism, involving knowledge of the world through a set of dogmas (unprovable, given over the prescriptions).

Eclecticism is the fourth method of philosophy basedon the comparison of objects that do not have a single beginning, concepts, facts. This method is not the best way to reflect the subject of philosophy and its functions and at the moment is often used in advertising. The next, the fifth method of philosophical knowledge is sophistry. This method is based on removing from the false premises of new knowledge. Such knowledge will be formally true, but in fact it is false. Sophistry does not lead to the knowledge of the truth, but successfully helps to win the argument. And, finally, the sixth method of philosophical cognition is hermeneutics. It is used to correctly interpret and interpret the meaning of various texts.

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