Fundamentals of the Social State

The social state is the state that has reached the peaksevolution, the highest development of the state system. The state is social in the case when its internal policy is aimed at creating favorable conditions and a high standard of living for citizens. The existing foundations of a social state are enshrined in its constitution, which prescribes safeguards to protect the health and work of people. The state establishes the size of the minimum patch, support for the family, paternity, motherhood and childhood, elderly citizens and disabled people. The constitution contains a description of the system of social public services, established state pensions and benefits. Other guarantees for ensuring state social protection of citizens are also considered, for example, voluntary insurance, charity.

In Russia, the foundations of a social stateare contained in the articles of the Constitution under the numbers thirty-seven-forty-three and in certain federal laws that refer to measures to support veterans, on the social services of Russian citizens (1995), on persons with disabilities and their social protection in the Russian Federation (1995) and other

As a rule, democracy has the basis of socialstate. In our country for the first time such democratic provisions were written that allow people to independently determine their nationality and point it out. There is no ban on the use of the native language, there is freedom of choice in communication, education and training.

Being a multinational state, Russiais interested in observing the principles of equality, which are enshrined in the state constitution. The principles of self-determination of peoples living on the territory of Russia were also reflected there. Equal rights and freedoms of citizens are established, regardless of nationality, race or language. However, any actions designed to restrict human rights on the basis of its national, racial or linguistic affiliation are prohibited.

If we consider the signs of socialstate, they include freedom of labor, prohibition of forced labor. Citizens have the right to choose their own profession. Working conditions must meet the rules of safety and hygiene, and payment must be made without discrimination on any grounds. The size of the salary should not be lower than the set minimum, which is fixed by the Federal Law. The state should take care of citizens and protect them from unemployment. The main principle of the social state is equalization of citizens in rights and redistribution of state revenues in such a way that tax revenues serve to alleviate social inequality between citizens.

Existing bases of the social stateFirst of all, they are aimed at supporting people's health and work in order to provide them with a high standard of living. At the same time, if the state is experiencing instability in the economy or political situation, this affects the social vulnerability of citizens. Modern Russia does not fully correspond to the notion of a social state, and many of the social guarantees enshrined in the Constitution remain so far only on paper.

There are models of the social state thatspread in the world and who have a rich experience in social support of the population. These include German, Japanese, American, Swedish and others. Many of them, previously considered exemplary, now do not meet public challenges and become unfit. People, not wishing to engage in low-paid work, prefer not to work at all and receive unemployment benefits. The modern socio-economic situation of Western Europe is in contradiction with the principles underlying the social state.

It can be concluded, in spite of the fact thatthe social state is oriented to the well-being of citizens and their decent life, it is also capable of adversely affecting the situation of the population of the country. Therefore, it is very important that the state meet the modern requirements necessary for the functioning of the country.