The British battleship Dreadnought
Dreadnought-type ships were part of the raceArms among the great powers of the world on the eve of the First World War. Such battleships sought to create leading maritime states. The first among all was Great Britain, which was always famous for its fleet. The Russian Empire, which, despite its internal difficulties, managed to build four own ships did not remain without dreadnoughts either.
What ships of the dreadnought class were, what their role in world wars, what happened to them afterwards, will become known from the article.
Classification
If we study the sources concerning the issue under consideration, then we can draw an interesting conclusion. It turns out that there are two types of dreadnoughts:
- The ship "Dreadnought", which gave the name to a whole class of battleships.
- The space cruiser, which is mentioned in the franchise "Star Wars".
Further, these ships will be considered in more detail.
Dreadnought class
The first of the "intrepid"
The construction of the battleship was so significantan event in the world shipbuilding that, after its appearance in 1906, the maritime powers began to implement such projects in their own homes. What is famous for the Dreadnought? The ship, the photo of which is presented in the article, was created ten years before the First World War. And to its very beginning "superdreadnoughts" were created. Therefore, in such major battles as Jutland, the battleship did not even take part.
However, he still had a military achievement. The ship rammed a German submarine, which was under the command of Otto Veddigen. At the beginning of the war, this submariner managed to sink three British cruisers in one day.
After the war, the ship Dreadnought was decommissioned and cut into metal.
Spaceship
The spacecraft weapons system consisted of the following guns:
- twenty quadruple laser, located in front, left and right;
- ten laser, located on the left and right;
- ten batteries, located in front and at the stern.
For optimal performance, the cruiser neededpersonnel of at least sixteen thousand people. They occupied the space of the spaceship. During the time of the Galactic Empire, ships of this type were used as patrols of the distant systems of the Empire, and also as an escort for cargo ships.
The Rebel Alliance has approached the application differentlylike cruisers. After the conversion, they were called assault frigates, which had more guns, were more maneuverable and required the presence of a team of only five thousand people. Such a conversion required a considerable amount of money and time, so there were not many assault frigates. Then you should return to the real world.
"Dreadnought Fever"
The construction of a new battleship in England wasis connected with the beginning of the arms race before the First World War, so the leading countries of the world have also begun to design and create similar combat units. Especially since the existing battleships at that time lost their importance in the battle, in which the battleship Dreadnought was present.
The rivalry between the maritime powers inthe construction of similar ships, which was called "dreadnought fever". The championship was held by England and Germany. Britain has always sought to lead the way on the water, so it created twice as many ships as the Foggy Albion. Germany sought to catch up with its main rival and began to increase its fleet. This led to the fact that all European maritime states were forced to start building battleships. It was important for them to maintain their influence in the world arena.
The United States was in a special position. The state did not have a clearly expressed threat from other powers, so it had enough time and could use the experience of designing dreadnoughts to the maximum.
Designing dreadnoughts had its difficulties. The main one was the deployment of artillery towers of the main caliber. Each state has solved this issue in its own way.
"Dreadnought fever" has led to the fact thatthe First World English fleet had forty-two battleships, and the German fleet had twenty-six. In this case, the ships of England possessed guns of a larger caliber, but were not as armored as Germany's dreadnoughts. Other countries were significantly inferior to their main competitors in the number of vessels of this type.
Dreadnoughts in Russia
To maintain its position at sea,The construction of battleships such as the dreadnought (class of ships) was launched by Russia. Considering the situation inside the country, the empire strained its last forces and was able to create only four battleships.
LC of the Russian Empire:
- "Sevastopol".
- Grungut.
- Petropavlovsk.
- "Poltava".
The first among the ships of the same type, on launching the ships, was Sevastopol. Its history should be considered in more detail.
The ship "Sevastopol"
Russian battleship took an active part in theFirst World, based in Helsinki (Finland). After the signing of the Brest Peace, he was transferred to Kronstadt. In the Civil War it was used to defend Petrograd.
In 1921, the crew of the ship supported the Kronstadt mutiny, firing on adherents of the Soviet power. After suppressing the mutiny, the crew was almost completely replaced.
In the interwar period, the battleship was renamed the "Paris Commune" and transported to the Black Sea, where they made it the flagship of the Black Sea Fleet.
During the Second World War, the dreadnought participated in thedefense of Sevastopol in 1941. A year later the artillerymen noticed a change in the gun barrels, which indicated the wear and tear of the Paris Commune. Before the liberation of the territory of the USSR, the battleship stood in Poti, where it was repaired. In 1943 the original name was returned to him, and a year later Sevastopol entered the raid of the Crimea, which had been freed by that time.
After the war, the ship was used for training purposes, until in the late fifties of the twentieth century it was dismantled for scrap.
The appearance of superdreadnoughts
Five years after its creation, the shipthe type of dreadnought and its followers became obsolete. They were replaced by the so-called superdreadnoughts, who had an artillery gun with a caliber of 343 millimeters. Later, this parameter increased to 381 mm, and after it reached 406 millimeters. The first of its kind is the British ship Orion. In addition to the fact that it had an increased reservation of boards, the battleship was twenty-five percent different from its predecessor.
The last dreadnought in the world
In addition to being the last of the dreadnoughts, Vengard is also the largest of the battleships in the UK.
In the postwar years, the ship was used inas a yacht of the royal family. It traveled through the Mediterranean and South Africa. It was also used as a training ship. He served until the end of the fifties of the twentieth century, until he was taken to the reserve. In 1960, the battleship was removed from the arsenal and sold for scrap.
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