Participial and gerundive turnover: exercises, rules, punctuation marks
Many students are interested in: What is participle and gerundance, what is the difference between participial and gerundive turnover? Exercises for finding isolated definitions and circumstances are presented in the article. It also gives information about the forms of the verb.
Verb and special verb forms
The verb is in the language the leading part of speech, which informs about the processes and actions taking place around. Together with the noun, he enters the grammatical basis of the sentence: The boy is swimming. The house is being built; and in the verbal single-composition sentences independently constitutes their predictive basis: I see! Look. It was late. To him call.
If you consider the proposals with the involved andgerund, it can be seen that they contain a few words that reflect the process - participles or gerunds. Both are verbal forms, while the sacrament is similar to the adjective, since it has the same declension paradigm and answers the questions of adjectives: what? What? and others, and the gerundive - with an adverb, as it is also an immutable part of speech and answers the main questions of adverbs: how? how?
The participles are formed from the stem of the verbs with the help of the suffixes -acum-, -nar-, -yas-, -sush-, -sh-, -sh-, -en-, -nn-, -t-: screaming, looking, carrying, empty, living, walking, certain, specified, sung. The gerunds - with the help of suffixes -a-, -y-, -yuchi, -uchi, -v, -shi-, -shiv-: shouting, singing, playing, going, watching, bringing, having met.
For example: The grass that had swamped the whole garden grew thickly, preventing the cultivation of crops. In this sentence there are four different verbal forms: has grown - the verb of the past tense, the feminine gender, grow up - the infinitive, overrun - participle, not giving - gerundive. It is possible to replace the participle with the adjective, and the vertebrate with the adverb: The green grass grew densely, and there was not much room for cultivation. The sentence retained the main meaning, butlost additional actions, which reflected the participial and gerunded turnover. Exercises from the table below will help you learn to find verb forms and distinguish them from each other.
Exercises for finding verb forms
| The task | Task text |
| From the text, write out the three sacraments | There was a thunder, accompanied by an awesome thunder andfiery lightning. Misha, as his grandfather taught, hid under a bush located in the lowland. Suddenly there was a strong roll of thunder, and then a sound like the hiss of a snake. This lightning hit the tree ten steps from the forester's house. |
| From the text, write out all the gerunds | Without looking up, Yasha looked at the dawn. Somehow at this time of the day he always wanted to, standing in the attic and looking into the distance, thinking about the eternal. He wondered why the birds fly so beautifully, he was worried about the origin of the Sun, then he thought about distant countries, dreaming of traveling. |
Participatory turnover as a detached definition
Communicating is the design of the participle with a dependent word. So, the offer: The blooming garden was beautiful - without involvement in privatization, but a proposal: Blossoming in the country garden was beautiful - has a participial turn, since the communion has a dependent word: flowering (Where?) in the country.
The construction of participial turns can be different, but this syntactic unit is necessarily a participle with dependent words.
The participial turnover requires isolation, if it is after the main word: The mushrooms collected by the whole family lay now on the pew under the pine; if it depends on a personal pronoun: Dreaming of a trip to the Congo, he issued a visa - or has an additional conclusive or causal meaning: Tired of noisy visitors, Lena barely got home. 
Errors in the use of participial speed
Using a participial turn in speech, mistakes can be madeadmit both punctuation and grammar. Punctuation errors occur when the boundaries of the syntactical unit are incorrectly defined, with inattentive reading of the sentence with participial turnover and in the absence of theoretical knowledge about the conditions for its isolation.
Grammatical errors in the use of the sacramentalrevolutions are connected first of all with the inappropriate use of participial turnover in the proposal and with improper coordination of the participle with the main word. For example: The northern basketball club came to his native city, successfully played in the championship. (Right choice: North Basketball Club, successfully played in the championship, came to his hometown).
The participial revolution as a separate circumstance
Deep-part with dependent words is calledgerundive turnover. The gerundive and gerundive circulation are always detached. Their allocation with commas does not depend on the location relative to the main word. For example: They arrived without warning. Galya, seeing a beautiful bouquet in his hands, immediately calmed down. Listening, Kolya made notes. Do not require isolation only those gerunds that are part of the phraseological turnover: After sleeves, he worked all season. The child listened with bated breath - or passed into adverbs: Tolya read without haste. He was angry, not joking. 
Participial and gerundive turnover: exercises
The table below shows a number of tasks for finding isolated members, expressed by participial or adverbial participle.
| The task | Task text |
| From the text, write out a separate adverbial turnover | Masha, touching the cards she gave her, rememberedmy first holiday. It was her seventh birthday. Mom baked buns and pies to Masha treat her classmates. She was happy to organize a tea party for all the guys who met her at the school's threshold with a huge fruit basket. |
| Among the suggestions, find one in which there is a participial turn. |
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| From the text, write out the gospel and the gerundive. | Jumping off a tall tree, Pasha ran to the pond. Here he met his friends. After bathing, they began to tell each other the stories that happened to them during this year. |
Participial and gerundive turnover (exercises fromThis is confirmed by the tables), the value of the additional action is added to the sentences. They, being separate members, only accompany the main process, concluded in the predicate.
Participatory and gynecological turnovers: examples from literature
Proposals with participial and adverbial participle are often found in works of art. "The ocean that walked outside the walls was terrible," "Small was silent and, knocking down a large gadfly adhering to the horse, answered gloomily" (IA Bunin). "Then from morning till morning there was a small ... rain, turning clay roads and paths into a continuous thick mud ..." (AI Kuprin). "Covered with hoarfrost, they left in an obscure, illuminated distance ..." (VG Korolenko).
