Lyme Borreliosis
Ticks can spread infections, causingvarious pathologies. Among them is Lyme disease. Borreliosis is provoked by bacteria and, unlike, for example, tick-borne encephalitis, is quite successfully treated with antibiotics.
The most common sign of thisthe disease is redness. At the site of the tick bite, after a few weeks or days, a red swelling of a small size is formed. Around the place begins to spread quickly enough redness. In medicine, this condition is called migratory erythema (erythema migrants). It is the most characteristic sign accompanying the disease Lyme Borreliosis. This symptom is revealed in 70-80% of all cases.
In some patients, the so-called«A mousse rash». It is represented by a red center around which there is a pale rim around which, in turn, also causes redness.
Another accompanying disease Lyme Borreliosis symptom is an influenza-like condition. The patient experiences malaise, weakness, fatigue.
In the absence of timely treatment,Lyme Borreliosis disease can provoke joint damage. As a rule, after a few weeks there is pain and swelling. Most often affected knee joints. In this case, soreness can occur in different sites at different times. This condition is called "migratory arthritis".
Lyme Borreliosis disease can contribute todevelopment and neurological problems. They include Bell's paralysis (on one side of the face), meningitis (inflammation of the membranes in the brain), numbness, weakness in the upper and lower extremities. These symptoms usually appear in later periods. Most often after a few weeks or a few months, after another bite.
To less common signs include inflammation of the eyes, arrhythmia, hepatitis.
Infection occurs when penetrating the bodybacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. Borrelia are transferred by ixodid mites. Infection occurs after a bite. In other words, if the mite does not suck, then the disease is not transmitted. The probability of infection is greater the longer the parasite sucks blood. Therefore, the sucking mites should be removed as soon as possible. It should be noted that when injected into the skin, infection does not always occur. So, if the insect has not poured blood (not increased in size, and its abdomen has not swelled), then the percentage of infection with Borreliosis is small enough.
Diagnosis of the state is somewhat difficult in view ofpresence of a large number of nonspecific symptoms, often accompanying other diseases (including, joint diseases, viral infections, fibromyalgia, depressive states, etc.). Therefore, to confirm the disease, laboratory confirmation is necessary.
During the study, it is necessary to take into account that positive tests become after two to four weeks after the bite, and not immediately after it.
To detect antibodies to borrelia,enzyme immunosorbent assay. With a positive result, an additional Western blot analysis is assigned. This study gives fewer false positive results.
A very accurate and sensitive analysis is PCR (polymerase reaction (chain reaction)). This study can detect Borrelia DNA in the fluid of the joint.
To eliminate the disease, as a rule,Doxycillin (for adults) is used, pregnant women and children are prescribed Cefuroxime or Amoxicillin. These antibiotics are used for ten or twenty-one days.
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