Myocardial dystrophy - what is it? Myocardial Dystrophy: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Nowadays, many people suffer from a diseasemyocardial dystrophy. What is it and how to treat it - not everyone knows. Myocardial dystrophy (abbreviated MKD) includes a group of heart diseases that are non-inflammatory. When the disease occurs, the contractile function of the heart, its excitability, conduction, automatism and the disturbance of metabolic processes of the myocardium decrease.

Causes of myocardial degeneration

Myocardial dystrophy of the heart muscle arisesdue to heavy loads on the heart with incorrect and intensive training. Also unbalanced nutrition, short rest, constant interruption of sleep can provoke the appearance of ICD. Other common factors in the development of myocardial dystrophy include:

• infectious diseases in the phase of inflammation;
• chronic tonsillitis;
• intoxication of the body (poisoning, alcohol, cigarettes, drugs);
• overweight;
• myxedema;
• avitaminosis;
• diabetes;
• thyrotoxicosis;
• anemia;
• radiation;
• muscular dystrophy;
• genital inflammation;
• collagenosis;
• the emergence of menopause in women;
• overheating;
• lack of potassium in the body;
• Cushing's syndrome;
• starvation;
• long stay on mono-diets;
• deposition of salts in the heart muscle.

Symptoms of MCD

Symptoms of myocardial dystrophy are most oftennotice only with intense physical exertion. At rest, the disease is passive. Symptoms of ICD very often can be confused with other diseases, so myocardial dystrophy is difficult to detect and diagnose at the primary stage. The main signs of the disease MZD:

• spasmodic or aching pain in the chest;
• fast fatiguability;
• impotence;
• state of depression;
• dyspnea on movement;
• weakness;
• cardiopalmus;
• pain in the heart;
• breakdown of the heart muscle;
• arrhythmia;
• systolic murmur on the apex of the heart;
• slowing of the pulse.

In chronic cases myocardial dystrophy of the heart, treatment, symptoms - all this takes a complex character. The patient has severe shortness of breath in a state of rest, enlargement of the liver, the appearance of edemas.

Treatment of MCD

With myocardial dystrophy, symptoms, causes and treatment play a leading role. It is important to consult a doctor when the first signs appear. In this case, there is a chance for a speedy recovery.

The cardiologist will be able to solve a number of problems:

• identify the cause of the disease;
• timely diagnose;
• appoint adequate therapy.

This kind of treatment should be carried out in a hospital under the supervision of medical specialists.

When seeking help from a cardiologist in the firstthe turn will take the indication on the electrocardiogram (ECG), make ultrasound of the heart and give advice on adjusting the habitual way of life. Necessary to introduce a balanced diet to restore the normal operation of metabolism, as well as exclude any physical work. Typically, with myocardial dystrophy, bed rest is not recommended.

Further the doctor conducts research of analyzes on revealing of the infectious foci which have caused a myocardial dystrophy. If they are found, they are sanitized.

Also shown is drug therapy. Very often doctors prescribe pills that restore metabolism in the myocardium: "Mexicor" and "Trimetazidine." They have antihypoxic and cytoprotective effect. Drugs prescribed by the course of treatment up to two months, 1 tablet 3 times a day.

To normalize the ECG and increase the level of potassium in the body take "Asparcamp" or "Panangin" 1 tablet 3 times a day.

To calm the nervous system, neuroleptics and tranquilizers are sometimes prescribed, for example, Sonopaks, Coaxil.

It is important to know that any preparations immediately before their use must be agreed with the attending physician. It is necessary to strictly follow the recommended dosage and the rules for taking tablets.

Classification of MCD

Classification of myocardial dystrophy - what is it? These are actually types of etiologic characteristics of myocardial dystrophy. Classification is represented by the following forms of MCD:

• allergic;
• mixed genesis;
• complex genesis;
• hyperfunctional;
• neurovegetative;
• hormonal (endocrine diseases and age-related dyshormonism);
• hereditary diseases;
• Dismetabolic (anemia, dystrophy, beriberi);
• intoxication (poisoning, infectious diseases, alcohol, smoking, drug addiction).
• alimentary;
• radiation;
• closed chest trauma.

Dyshormonal MCD

Dyshormonal myocardial dystrophy - what is it?

Dyshormonal myocardial dystrophy is a diseaseheart, caused by a violation of the thyroid gland. During hypothyroidism (decrease in function), the metabolism of the body slows down, pressure decreases, edemas and prolonged aching pains appear. With thyrotoxicosis (increased thyroid function), metabolism is accelerated and contributes to rapid weight loss. The patient also feels stinging heart pain, thirst, excessive nervousness; the heart rhythm and sleep are disturbed.

Symptoms of dyshormonal ICD are:

• dizziness;
• lack of air;
• disturbed sleep;
• stitching pain in the region of the heart;
• irritability and so on.

As a rule, such myocardial dystrophy appearsin women from 45 to 50 years, because at this age there is a failure of the ovarian function. Men in 50-55 years are also susceptible to this disease due to impaired production of testosterone.

Treatment

When the disease is dyshormonal myocardial dystrophy treatment is appointed in the form of specific advice and recommendations for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. One of the important roles here is mobility:

• relaxation;
• therapeutic gymnastics (6-7 minutes a day);
• Swimming and other sports that do not require a heavy load.

Every morning, take a contrast shower for 10 minutes. It is necessary to observe a diet, exclude flour, smoked and fatty foods.

If the methods of maintaining a healthy imagelife does not bring proper results, doctors are turning to drug therapy: "Belloid", "Valerian", "Bellataminal". If you want to reduce the excitability of the nervous system, then prescribe tranquilizers, for example, "Mebikar". This drug does not cause drowsiness, does not affect disability and does not interfere with coordination of movements. The daily dose reaches three tablets. If "Mebikar" is ineffective, it is replaced with another drug.

MCD of mixed genesis

Myocardiodystrophy of mixed genesis hasnegative impact on the muscle of the heart, deforming it with time. As a result, stretching of ventricular tissue occurs, flabbiness and thinning of the septum appear.

Symptoms

Signs of the manifestation of myocardial dystrophy of mixed genesis are masked for the disease itself myocardial dystrophy. Symptoms and treatment in this case are very similar:

• shortness of breath during physical exertion;
• high fatigue;
• tachycardia;
• impotence;
• Pulse workout.

With the rapid development of the disease in humans, malfunctions and disturbances of the heart rhythm occur, as well as cardiac insufficiency.

Treatment

Therapy of myocardial dystrophy of mixed genesis requires increased attention on the part of doctors, since the outcome of her treatment will depend on the patient's life.

Modern scientists in the field of medicine argue,that the most effective and correct method of treating the disease to date is the use of stem cells. They are injected into the body of the patient, they join the healthy cells of the heart. Restoration of cardiac muscles is due to the expulsion of diseased cells by healthy ones. This principle of treatment favorably affects the restoration of blood vessels, resorption of cholesterol plaques and other layers that block the normal circulation of oxygen.

MCD of complex genesis

Myocardial dystrophy of a complex genesis is oneof the varieties of the common disease myocardial dystrophy. What is it and what causes it? The disease affects the heart muscle and is non-inflammatory. Factors affecting the formation of MKD of a complex genesis are not associated with heart disease:

• intoxication of the body (poisoning, alcohol, drugs, cigarettes);
• disruption of the endocrine system;
• metabolic abnormality.

Symptoms and treatment of MKD of complex origin

Such a myocardial dystrophy (symptoms and treatment of it,in principle, are very similar to any other heart disease) is manifested in tachycardia, dyspnea, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, rapid fatigue, chills.

In the treatment, first of all, the cause is eliminated,on which the MCD of a complex genesis was caused. Doctors prescribe a variety of medicines: "Potassium Orotate", "Nerobol", "Cardiomagnolo" and others. Such drugs restore myocardial metabolism.

However, without observing the proper daily routine and nutrition, the pills will be ineffective, so it is worth sticking to a healthy and active lifestyle.

Approaching the treatment of the disease in a complex way, one can count on the speedy recovery and improvement of the general condition.

Secondary MCD

MTC itself is a secondary cardiacdisease. Therefore, secondary myocardial dystrophy does not differ primarily in its manifestation and treatment. The main signs are added only pain in the heart and chest area, as well as arrhythmia. This form of the disease most often develops in women during menopause, when the work of the ovaries is disrupted.

Myocardial dystrophy in children

Very often children and adolescents are prone to MCD. Often this is due to a number of factors:

• mental and emotional load of children;
• irrational physical stress;
• malnutrition;
• lack of protein in the body;
• improper care of the child;
• infectious diseases in the advanced stage.

Myocardial dystrophy in children is not pronounced and it is asymptomatic, therefore, for any suspicion of having heart problems, you should immediately contact a cardiologist.

If this disease takes place, then it is better to cure it in childhood, in order to exclude the risk of further development of MCH and its harmful effects on the child's body.

Diagnostics

Detection of myocardial dystrophy in children, as in adults, is carried out by standard measures: ultrasound of the heart, ECG and examination with a cardiologist, after which the final diagnosis is made.

Treatment and prevention

Duration and efficacy of treatment of children with congeneroides in childrendepends on the pathology of the development of the disease, which provoked myocardial dystrophy. Most often, children are prescribed potassium and magnesium salts. These drugs restore metabolic processes in the myocardium, normalize the ECG, eliminate electrolyte cellular disorders, replenish the body with potassium and magnesium.

It is also possible to use sedatives in combination with psychotherapy and acupuncture.

The most effective prevention of myocardial dystrophyin children it is a healthy and mobile way of life. Therefore, it is very important to teach this child from an early age, so that in adulthood, he could easily adhere to proper nutrition and abandon bad habits.

Myocardial dystrophy according to ICD-10

ICD-10 is an international classification of diseasestenth revision. In this hierarchy, any disease has its own unique code, according to which it can be easily identified. For example, myocardial dystrophy: ICD code 10: I42.

Currently, such a classification is activeused by doctors all over the world. It is able to get rid of inaccuracies in the name of diseases and allows doctors from different countries to exchange professional experience.

As it turned out, the disease of myocardial dystrophythreatens with very serious consequences and adversely affects the work of the body as a whole. Of course, any disease is best prevented than then exhausted by a long treatment. For this purpose, a number of preventive measures are carried out aimed at maintaining the normal functionality of the organism and eliminating the factors of the development of the disease.