Serpukhov Kremlin: photo, history. What did the Serpukhov Kremlin look like?
In the southern part of the Moscow region is the oldestsettlement Serpukhov. On its territory there are various unique sights, temples, ancient monasteries and churches with a long history. One of these monuments of architecture is the Serpukhov Kremlin, attracting tourists from all over the world like a magnet to itself.
History of construction
The first mention of this city was dated back to the fourteenth century, in which it was said that the territory of this place was inherited from Ivan Kalita to Prince Andrew.
It was on these lands that was built in 1374Serpukhov Kremlin, which is still the main attraction of the city. He was built on a high mountain, which at one time was renamed from Cathedral to Red.
In past years, this fortress was consideredThe most powerful structure that covered Moscow from the south. The history of the Serpukhov Kremlin says that together with other outposts it was supposed to defend the capital from the raids of the Tatars. A little later this structure turned into the center of all defense, since it was here that the enemy attacks were most often committed.
Original View
Serpukhov Kremlin in the middle of the sixteenth centurychanged a lot. All its fortifications from the tree gradually turned into stone walls, made of white stone, mined in local quarries.
In 1556, on the site of the old buildings appearednew constructions. From many historical sources it is known what the Serpukhov Kremlin looked like in those years. It consisted of eight towers and two half towers. The fortress consisted of walls with a length of 934 meters and something in shape resembled an elongated triangle of irregular shape. In order to expand protected areas, a little bit north of the buildings was built a wooden prison that fulfilled a defensive role.
The Serpukhov Kremlin was a huge obstacle forvarious rebels and thieves who sought to constantly infiltrate the Moscow lands and receive a strong rebuff in Serpukhov. At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the Poles long tried to break the defense of this structure, but they were only able to burn his prison.
The last siege that the fortress suffered waswas a foray of the Tatars. After that, the gradual decline of the Kremlin began. He completely lost his defensive value and began to gradually collapse. Its reconstruction was carried out only once in the eighteenth century by the order of Peter I, who feared the attack of the Swedes.
Why was it decided to dismantle the Kremlin?
Catherine II was a fan of history andordered the complete restoration of the Serpukhov Kremlin, but, unfortunately, did not manage to implement its idea because of sudden death. Her son Pavel I did not have for his late mother warm feelings and therefore sought to cross out any reminder of her person and gave an immediate order to disassemble the walls of the fortress. The townspeople only partially fulfilled his command, because they did not hurry to part with the historical monument of their city.
Already in the nineteenth century the Serpukhov Kremlin(Serpukhov) looked very sad. All the Kremlin towers had no roofs, so they quickly fell into decay. The stones that fell from their walls completely covered all the nearby slopes and hills.
In the late nineteenth century, the Kremlin was declared"A monument of antiquity" and partially fortified. But this did not help much, and in the 30s of the twentieth century the walls were already completely dismantled. The stones of this structure were useful for many other new buildings.
How does the sight look out these days?
For today, only two smalla fragment of stone walls and the remnants of the foundation that the Serpukhov Kremlin once had. Photos taken at the site where the site is located, show just an amazing view, opening from this hill.
Serpukhov also has an ancient cathedral,It was built in the end of the 17th century on the territory of the Kremlin. The last change was made in 1840, and to this day its appearance has not changed.
In the heart of the Red Mountain there are: the Memorial dedicated to the fallen soldiers during the Patriotic War, and the monument to the Soldier-Liberator.
Many tourists and townspeople are attracted by thisplace, thanks to the fact that you can see one of the most impressive landscapes in your life, consisting of an ensemble of ancient temple complexes, built at different times.
Findings of archaeologists
The first official excavations were conducted onterritory of the fortress in the early twentieth century, they continued in the following years. In the interior of the Kremlin, many archaeological finds have been found. For example, the remains of the Vysotsky Tower, built in 1556, are found.
Archaeologists were able to unearth many personal belongingstownspeople who live in Serpukhov in the period from 16th to 18th centuries. It was all sorts of earrings, rings, crosses, buckles and much more. There was also found an interesting coin with a picture of birds on it and a collection consisting of various items used for armament in the 17th century.
On the territory of the fortress, even some flint products have been identified, which may indicate that a person has lived here in the Stone Age.
How is it better to get to Serpukhov?
In the event that I have to go from Moscow tocar, it is better for such a journey to choose the Simferopol highway. Having reached the crossroads intersecting with the Volodarsky lane, you should turn to the right side, and then after 300 meters you will have to make a left turn to the street leading to the Red Mountain and Serpukhov Kremlin standing on it.
The Serpukhov Kremlin is one of the historical and architectural sights, thanks to which it is possible to get a closer acquaintance with the history of Russia and its capital.
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