Composition on the work "At the bottom": the innovation of M. Gorky, the image of Luke

What does the person who finds himself on the bottom feel?social life? The answer to this question was given in his dramatic play by Maxim Gorky. The deep processes of the beginning of the 20th century contributed to the tragic changes in the existence of many people in Russia. But the drama, the classic of Russian and Soviet literature, has, above all, a philosophical conflict. Its main theme is the clash of different vital positions. How to write an essay on the work "At the bottom?" On what should the analysis of this play be based?

History of creation

Maxim Gorky did not find a name for his playimmediately. Initially, he had several versions. Among them - "Bottom" and "Nochlezhka." The choice the author made in favor of all the famous symbolic name. With the analysis of the title you should begin the composition of the work "At the bottom". The heroes of the play are people who are on the sidelines of social life. They are rejected by society. Each of them has its own prehistory, but all of them are united by a bottom. The bottom of life and the bottom of the soul, on which they found themselves for various reasons, but where they could not get out.

Composition

In order to write an essay on the work"At the bottom", you should pay attention to the plot features. The situation in which the play takes place is a dark, unsightly cellar. It has strange, faceless people. Many of them already do not even have names, just nicknames. "There are no gentlemen, there was only one naked man," one of the characters notes.

The managers of the basement-doss house are Kostylev and hiswife of Vasilisa. At the beginning of the work between them and the inhabitants of this miserable house, there is a conflict of a social nature. But in the work there is, curiously enough, a love line.

Kostylev's wife tells Vaska Ashes to killspouse. If he commits this crime, she will become the full-fledged mistress of the doss house and will acquire a new, younger wife. But the thief Vaska is attracted by Vasilisa's sister. Even being in such a deplorable situation, people are able to hate each other, to be jealous, to carry mercantile plans. However, even this idea is not the main one in the play. After all, the main tragedy of the characters lies in their loneliness and disunity. They talk, but do not understand each other. Everyone hears only himself. On the loneliness of man among people, you can write an essay on the work "At the bottom."

Philosophical conversations

Between the characters there is no mutual understanding, although theyincessantly conduct conversations. It is noteworthy that people who do not have or lack the most necessary, talk about honor and conscience, about the appointment of a person in life. Develop the action, however, begins with the advent of Luke - a wanderer, whose speech awakens in the dwellers of the doss house a weak hope. The composition of Maxim Gorky's work "At the bottom" can be dedicated to this character.

Luke

The fate of an elderly wanderer is not easier. He, like the residents of the doss house, refers to the so-called former people. But nevertheless he has not forgotten how to feel compassion and has not lost his love and respect for people. And most importantly, each person Luke is able to hear and understand.

He comforts a deadly woman with a story aboutheaven in heaven. Vaska Peplu, he advises to go to Siberia and start everything from a white sheet. And Nastya, whose fantasies in the doss house is only a sarcastic laugh, he comforts with the words: "If you believe that you had true love, then it was - it was."

Philosophical wanderer expresses wisdomsayings, tells parables, and in culmination expounds his position on the lie and its benefits. Deception, in his opinion, is able to help a person, sometimes even to save him. "Luke - preacher of lies" - this may be the title of the work on the work "At the bottom."

Gorky M. admitted that the questions he put before himself in the process of creating the play were connected with such concepts as truth and compassion. Does a person need the truth and can a lie save him? Fantastic stories of Luke did not help the dwelling house dwellers. But they shook them, made them think and feel the spiritual uplift.

The author's innovation

Gorky became the creator of a new genre of the play. In this work there are features that were not previously used in drama. Through the parables and sayings of Luke, the humanistic idea is expressed by Gorky M. The school essay on the work "At the bottom" should include an analysis of the dialogues. It is on them that the action of the play is built, and thanks to them one can understand the position of the author.

Maxim Gorky in this dramatic workacted as a continuer of Chekhov's traditions. He did not begin to divide the heroes into positive and negative, did not introduce the main character into the play. These traits are characteristic of the dramatic works of Anton Chekhov.

Justifying the liar-comforter Luka, the author puts forwardthe accusation of heroes who are unable to face the truth. They are not satisfied with the reality, but they do not even try to change anything. Therefore, the lie becomes their only solace.